Current Concepts in the Treatment of Early Onset Scoliosis.

Despite many surgical advances in the treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS) over the past two decades, this condition remains a challenge to address. While otherwise healthy children can have EOS, many of these patients have complicated comorbidities making proper treatment algorithms extraordinarily difficult. Non-operative measures can be successful when initiated early, but are many times utilized as a delay tactic until growth-friendly operative procedures can be safely performed.

Inoculation hesitancy: an exploration of challenges in scaling inoculation theory.

Inoculation theory research offers a promising psychological 'vaccination' against misinformation. But are people willing to take it? Expanding on the inoculation metaphor, we introduce the concept of 'inoculation hesitancy' as a framework for exploring reluctance to engage with misinformation interventions. Study 1 investigated whether individuals feel a need for misinformation inoculations.

Clinician Perspectives of Gene Therapy as a Treatment Option for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive, life-limiting, neuromuscular disorder. Clinicians play an important role in informing families about therapy options, including approved gene therapies and clinical trials of unapproved therapies.

Objective: This study aimed to understand the perspectives of clinicians about gene therapy for DMD, which has not previously been studied.

Function and contribution of two putative glycosaminoglycan degrading enzymes to bacteremia and catheter-associated urinary tract infection.

is a common cause of healthcare-acquired bloodstream infections and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) in both adults and children. Treatment of infection is frequently complicated by multi-drug resistance. Based on protein homology, encodes two putative hyaluronidases, EF3023 (HylA) and EF0818 (HylB).

Function and contribution of two putative glycosaminoglycan degrading enzymes to bacteremia and catheter-associated urinary tract infection.

is a common cause of healthcare acquired bloodstream infections and catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) in both adults and children. Treatment of infection is frequently complicated by multi-drug resistance. Based on protein homology, encodes two putative hyaluronidases, EF3023 (HylA) and EF0818 (HylB).

Best practices for implementation of Kamishibai cards in the healthcare setting to improve nursing-sensitive indicator associated outcomes: An integrative review.

Background: Many adverse events are identified as nursing-sensitive indicators (NSIs) and have evidence-based care bundles known to reduce risk of occurrence. Kamishibai cards are a tool from the manufacturing industry used for practice auditing and improvements. Use of Kamishibai cards is believed to be common in the healthcare setting, but true evidence-based guidelines do not yet exist to guide their implementation.

Fatal Human Neurologic Infection Caused by Pigeon Avian Paramyxovirus-1, Australia.

Avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1) is a virus of birds that results in a range of outcomes, from asymptomatic infections to outbreaks of systemic respiratory and neurologic disease, depending on the virus strain and the avian species affected. Humans are rarely affected; those who are predominantly experience mild conjunctivitis. We report a fatal case of neurologic disease in a 2-year-old immunocompromised child in Australia.

Early recognition of CLN3 disease facilitated by visual electrophysiology and multimodal imaging.

Background: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is a group of neurodegenerative disorders with varying visual dysfunction. CLN3 is a subtype which commonly presents with visual decline. Visual symptomatology can be indistinct making early diagnosis difficult.

Childhood Dementia: A Collective Clinical Approach to Advance Therapeutic Development and Care.

Childhood dementias are a group of over 100 rare and ultra-rare pediatric conditions that are clinically characterized by chronic global neurocognitive decline. This decline is associated with a progressive loss of skills and shortened life expectancy. With an estimated incidence of one in 2800 births and less than 5% of the conditions having disease-modifying therapies, the impact is profound for patients and their families.

Cardiac care of children with dystrophinopathy and females carrying DMD-gene variations.

Objective: We provide succinct, evidence-based and/or consensus-based best practice guidance for the cardiac care of children living with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) as well as recommendations for screening and management of female carriers of mutations in the -gene.

Methods: Initiated by an expert working group of UK-based cardiologists, neuromuscular clinicians and DMD-patient representatives, draft guidelines were created based on published evidence, current practice and expert opinion. After wider consultation with UK-cardiologists, consensus was reached on these best-practice recommendations for cardiac care in DMD.

Soft, bioresorbable coolers for reversible conduction block of peripheral nerves.

Implantable devices capable of targeted and reversible blocking of peripheral nerve activity may provide alternatives to opioids for treating pain. Local cooling represents an attractive means for on-demand elimination of pain signals, but traditional technologies are limited by rigid, bulky form factors; imprecise cooling; and requirements for extraction surgeries. Here, we introduce soft, bioresorbable, microfluidic devices that enable delivery of focused, minimally invasive cooling power at arbitrary depths in living tissues with real-time temperature feedback control.

Impact of alcohol-based hand-rub disinfection on bacterial bioburden on stethoscopes in a real-world clinical setting.

In this randomized study, use of alcohol-based hand-rub disinfection significantly reduced bacterial bioburden of stethoscopes in routine clinical use. Prior cleaning of stethoscopes on the study day did not affect baseline contamination rates, which suggests that the efficacy of alcohol disinfection is short-lived and may need to be repeated between patients.

Efficacy and safety of cannabidivarin treatment of epilepsy in girls with Rett syndrome: A phase 1 clinical trial.

Objective: Rett syndrome (RTT), commonly caused by methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) pathogenic variants, has many comorbidities. Fifty to ninety percent of children with RTT have epilepsy, which is often drug-resistant. Cannabidivarin (CBDV), a non-hallucinogenic phytocannabinoid, has shown benefit in MECP2 animal models.

As It Stands: The Palouse Wild Cider Apple Breeding Program.

Providing hands-on education for the next generation of plant breeders would help maximize effectiveness of future breeding efforts. Such education should include training in introgression of crop wild relative alleles, which can increase genetic diversity while providing cultivar attributes that meet industry and consumer demands in a crop such as cider apple. Incorporation of DNA information in breeding decisions has become more common and is another skill future plant breeders need.

Complement mediates binding and procoagulant effects of ultralarge HIT immune complexes.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic disorder mediated by ultra-large immune complexes (ULICs) containing immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to a multivalent antigen composed of platelet factor 4 and heparin. The limitations of current antithrombotic therapy in HIT supports the need to identify additional pathways that may be targets for therapy. Activation of FcγRIIA by HIT ULICs initiates diverse procoagulant cellular effector functions.

Examining the Effects of Music-Based Interventions on Pain and Anxiety in Hospitalized Children: An Integrative Review.

Problem: Children often experience pain and anxiety during a hospital stay. Effective pain and anxiety management plays a crucial role in healing. However, recent literature has highlighted multiple barriers to managing pain and anxiety in children, such as parent and provider fears of the adverse effects of pain and anxiety medications.

A gratitude intervention to improve clinician stress and professional satisfaction: A pilot and feasibility trial.

Objective: Resilience training combined with medical system changes have the potential to reduce clinician burnout. We sought to estimate effects and assess feasibility of a brief gratitude intervention for primary care clinicians.

Methods: This was a pre-test/post-test single group intervention design with longitudinal follow-up.