Difficulty in removing implants used in trauma patients can be a complication, and increased bone-implant adhesion likely is a major contributing factor. In vitro studies have shown that surface morphology of implant materials has the ability to influence cellular responses, with polished surfaces decreasing the potential for mineralization. This study examined the effect of polishing commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and the titanium alloy TAN on the removal torque and percentage bone-implant contact in cortical and cancellous bone of sheep.
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