Retrieval analysis of different orthodontic brackets: the applicability of electron microprobe techniques for determining material heterogeneities and corrosive potential.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the applicability of micro-analytical methods with high spatial resolution to the characterization of the composition and corrosion behavior of two bracket systems.

Material And Methods: The surfaces of six nickel-free brackets and six nickel-containing brackets were examined for signs of corrosion and qualitative surface analysis using an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), prior to bonding to patient's tooth surfaces and four months after clinical use. The surfaces were characterized qualitatively by secondary electron (SE) images and back scattered electron (BSE) images in both compositional and topographical mode.

Pilot study on accuracy and dimensional stability of impression materials using industrial CT technology.

Objective: Using computed tomography, scan impressions can be saved and edited as virtual data. The aim of this study was to evaluate the parameters influencing different impression materials and impression trays and their relevance with regard to accuracy and dimensional stability.

Materials And Methods: Two alginate impressions (Zhermack Hydrogum®5 and Kaniedenta Tetrachrom®) and a polyether impression (3MEspe Impregum™) were each combined with two acrylic trays (3M Espe Position Tray™ and Profimed Opti-Tray) and CT scanned immediately after impression at the Fraunhofer Institute Development Center for X-ray Technology (EZRT) in Fürth, Germany.

Dental aspects in patients with DiGeorge syndrome.

DiGeorge syndrome, which is caused by a microdeletion of 1.5 to 3.0 megabases on the long arm of chromosome 22, has an incidence of approximately 1:4,000 to 1:5,000 live births.

Vertical and sagittal growth in patients with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate-a retrospective cephalometric evaluation.

Objective: To investigate whether the craniofacial vertical and sagittal jaw relationship in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) differed from that of age-matched noncleft controls, before and after the pubertal growth spurt.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Patients: The study group comprised 126 patients with CLP, subdivided according to gender and cleft type, and the control group comprised 53 age-matched skeletal class I patients.

Quantitative assessment of orthodontic mini-implant displacement: the effect of initial force application.

Objective: Primary stability and micromovement of orthodontic mini-implants depends on a number of factors and influences clinical success or failure. The purpose of this study was to assess the behavior of orthodontic mini-implants upon initial load application.

Method And Materials: Orthodontic mini-implants (n = 39) were inserted in the alveolar process of maxillary human cadaver specimens (n = 10).

Prosthetic considerations for orthodontic implant site development in the adult patient.

Proper site development is a key factor for long-term clinical success of dental implants. Whereas surgical and restorative techniques have been refined to ensure predictable functional and esthetic outcome, individual clinical prerequisites do not always allow proper placement of implants when prosthetic and material properties are considered. Orthodontic tooth movement may be a viable and nonsurgical site development treatment option.

Noncontact intraoral measurement of force-related tooth mobility.

The aim of this pilot study was to measure force-related tooth mobility. Vertical and horizontal anterior tooth mobility in 31 healthy periodontal subjects was measured by a noncontact optical measurement technique. The subjects continuously increased the force on each tooth by biting on a load cell.

Biomechanical methods applied in dentistry: a comparative overview of photoelastic examinations, strain gauge measurements, finite element analysis and three-dimensional deformation analysis.

The aim of this article is to illustrate and discuss current methods applied in the analysis of biomechanical components in dental applications. For illustration purposes, the strain development of a non-passively fitting implant supported fixed restoration was evaluated using the four techniques: photoelastic examination, strain gauge measurements, finite element analysis, and three-dimensional deformation analysis. Photoelastic analysis only allowed for a raw estimation of the strains evoked by superstructure fixation.

Blood transfusion in bimaxillary orthognathic operations: need for testing of type and screen.

We prospectively evaluated the incidence of blood transfusion in 105 consecutively treated patients (45 men and 60 women) having bimaxillary orthognathic operations, to find out whether type and screen testing are adequate in clinical practice. All patients had Le Fort I osteotomy combined with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the ramus. The preoperative routine was restricted to type and screen testing and verification of ABO/Rhesus (Rh) status.

Diagnostic potential of 3D-data-based reconstruction software: an analysis of the rare disease pattern of cherubism.

Cherubism is an autosomal-dominant syndrome characterized by bilateral maxillomandibular bony degeneration, fibrous connective tissue hyperplasia, and displacement of permanent tooth germs. Reossification of the cystic lumen occurs spontaneously, but dislocated teeth must be realigned orthodontically. Advancements in virtual 3D reconstruction of anatomic structures based on computed tomography (CT) or cone beam CT data have provided for more predictable individual treatment planning.

[Technical treatment considerations in making prostheses for children. Child prostheses--Part 2].

The rehabilitation of a child's dentition with a removable prosthesis is more complex and time consuming, when comparing it to the one of adults. Prerequisite for a successful treatment is a careful consideration of age-related, technical, functional and psychological aspects. The aesthetic and functional replacement of the missing teeth using a removable prosthesis results in an increased self-esteem for the young patients.

Updated implant-retained restorative solutions in patients with hypodontia.

Hypodontia is often found during orthodontic screening and occurs with a prevalence of between 5% and 10%. One or more congenitally missing permanent teeth is a clinical finding that affects both male and female patients. Although maintaining deciduous teeth is an option in a few cases, the majority of patients with agenesis of teeth require extraction and orthodontic space closure or restorative treatment.

[Psychological and dental considerations in the prosthetic rehabilitation of children. Child prothesis--part I].

The fabrication of a prosthesis for a child requires an extensive diagnostic process together with a detailed medical and dental history. The treatment modalities for children and adults are different. By young patients attention must be paid in order to establish a feeling of trust and close cooperation between the dentist and the patient.

Three-dimensional analysis of facial symmetry in cleft lip and palate patients using optical surface data.

Aim: Presentation of a new technique to determine the plane of symmetry of a face, and to assess the degree of facial symmetry in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate based on three-dimensional (3D) optical surface data.

Patients And Methods: After having determined a plane of symmetry according to optical 3D facial surface data, we identified differences in landmarks, the surface areas of the upper lip vermilion and nostrils and virtual volumes of the midface, nose and upper lip for cleft and unaffected sides in forty 10-year-old patients suffering from complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate. The children had undergone lip repair via the Tennison-Randall technique and had received subsequent orthodontic treatment (but not secondary osteoplasty).

The effect of provisional restoration type on micromovement of implants.

Statement Of Problem: The osseointegration or fibrous encapsulation of immediately loaded dental implants depends largely on the extent of implant micromovement. The impact of acrylic resin or metal-reinforced acrylic resin provisional restorations on this movement is currently unknown.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to isolate and measure the effect of provisional restoration type on the vertical displacement of adjacent implants under load at 2 locations.

Three-dimensional analysis of changes of the malar-midfacial region after LeFort I osteotomy and maxillary advancement.

Aim: It has been the objective of the present prospective study to assess visible volume changes of the facial soft tissue after LeFort I osteotomy with advancement and to determine the soft-tissue-to-hard-tissue ratios of advancement.

Patients And Methods: Twenty adult patients (ten female, ten male, mean age 33.9 +/- 14.

Restoration of a nonrestorable central incisor using forced orthodontic eruption, immediate implant placement, and an all-ceramic restoration: a clinical report.

The long-term clinical and esthetic success of an implant-supported restoration is determined by stable periimplant soft-tissue morphology that is in harmony with the surrounding tissue architecture of the natural dentition. An interdisciplinary approach can significantly improve predictability when restoring missing teeth in the anterior maxilla. This clinical report describes the application of forced orthodontic eruption prior to initiation of surgical and restorative implant treatment to achieve a coronal shift of bone and gingiva and enhance the 3-dimensional topography of the recipient implant site.