Tocilizumab in Uveitic Macular Edema Refractory to Previous Immunomodulatory Treatment.

Purpose: To analyze the efficacy of tocilizumab in uveitic macular edema (ME) resistant to various immunomodulatory drugs.

Methods: Patients received tocilizumab every 4 weeks intravenously. Central foveal thickness (CFT) was assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Quality-of-life in wasp venom allergy - validation of the German version of the "Vespid Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire" (VQLQ-d).

Background: Little is known about the quality of life of patients who are allergic to insect venom. This fact is due to the lack of specific instruments assessing the interaction of type 1 allergy and its psychological burden.

Patients And Methods: The only established questionnaire on health-related quality-of-life in patients with wasp venom allergies is the "Vespid Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire" (VQLQ).