Pre-resection Intraoperative Core Biopsies in Oral Tongue Cancer-A Pilot Study.

Objective: To assess a novel intraoperative core biopsy technique to provide enhanced guidance in partial glossectomies.

Methods: All patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue were eligible for study participation. Following anesthesia, the planned resection and three points midway between the gross tumor and the intended ablation were marked.

Genetic mapping of novel modifiers for Apc induced intestinal polyps' development using the genetic architecture power of the collaborative cross mice.

Background: Familial adenomatous polyposis is an inherited genetic disease, characterized by colorectal polyps. It is caused by inactivating mutations in the Adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) gene. Mice carrying a nonsense mutation in the Apc gene at R850, which is designated Apc (Multiple intestinal neoplasia), develop intestinal adenomas.

Surgically Treated Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Outcome Predictors and the Role of Adjuvant Radiation Therapy.

Objectives: Advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (CSCCHN) is associated with poor outcome despite multimodality therapy. Comprehensive risk stratification may pinpoint the most suitable adjuvant treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of surgically treated locoregional CSCCHN and to identify prognostic indicators of treatment outcomes.

The role of parotidectomy for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Purpose: Regionally metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (CSCCHN) is usually managed surgically; however, the role of parotidectomy remains controversial. Herein we elucidate the controversy and present our experience.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed disease variables, extent of parotidectomy, and pathologic characteristics in association to outcome measures of all advanced CSCCHN patients who underwent definitive surgical resection from 2008 to 2018.

Safety and immunogenicity of a synthetic carbohydrate conjugate vaccine against Shigella flexneri 2a in healthy adult volunteers: a phase 1, dose-escalating, single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Shigella remains in the top four pathogens responsible for moderate to severe diarrhoea in children below 5 years of age. The shigella O-specific polysaccharide (O-SP) is a promising vaccine target. We developed a conjugate vaccine prototype incorporating a unique well defined synthetic oligosaccharide hapten, chemically designed for optimal antigenic, conformational, structural, and functional mimicry of the O-SP from Shigella flexneri 2a (SF2a).

Single-Day Simulation-Based Training Improves Communication and Psychiatric Skills of Medical Students.

Background: Use of standardized (or simulated) patients (SP) is considered an effective teaching method for improving clinical and communication skills. This study assesses the effect of a single-day simulated patients (SP)-based training course on medical students' communication and basic skills in clinical psychiatry during their psychiatry rotation in a university-affiliated tertiary medical center.

Methods: Forty-two third-year medical students participated.

Reducing Stigma Toward Psychiatry Among Medical Students: A Multicenter Controlled Trial.

Objective: To examine the effect of a novel antistigma intervention curriculum (ASIC) in reducing stigma toward psychiatry among medical students.

Methods: Medical students from 8 hospitals in central Israel were divided into intervention (n = 57) and control (n = 163) arms. The students completed the 30-item Attitudes Toward Psychiatry (ATP-30) and the Attitudes Toward Mental Illness (AMI) scales at psychiatry rotation onset and conclusion.

Collaborative Cross Mice Yield Genetic Modifiers for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Human Lung Disease.

Human genetics influence a range of pathological and clinical phenotypes in respiratory infections; however, the contributions of disease modifiers remain underappreciated. We exploited the Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse genetic-reference population to map genetic modifiers that affect the severity of lung infection. Screening for respiratory infection in a cohort of 39 CC lines exhibits distinct disease phenotypes ranging from complete resistance to lethal disease.

Dissecting the Effect of Genetic Variation on the Hepatic Expression of Drug Disposition Genes across the Collaborative Cross Mouse Strains.

A central challenge in pharmaceutical research is to investigate genetic variation in response to drugs. The Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse reference population is a promising model for pharmacogenomic studies because of its large amount of genetic variation, genetic reproducibility, and dense recombination sites. While the CC lines are phenotypically diverse, their genetic diversity in drug disposition processes, such as detoxification reactions, is still largely uncharacterized.

Genetic analysis of intestinal polyp development in Collaborative Cross mice carrying the Apc (Min/+) mutation.

Background: Colorectal cancer is an abnormal tissue development in the colon or rectum. Most of CRCs develop due to somatic mutations, while only a small proportion is caused by inherited mutations. Familial adenomatous polyposis is an inherited genetic disease, which is characterized by colorectal polyps.

Heritability and coefficient of genetic variation analyses of phenotypic traits provide strong basis for high-resolution QTL mapping in the Collaborative Cross mouse genetic reference population.

Most biological traits of human importance are complex in nature; their manifestation controlled by the cumulative effect of many genetic factors interacting with one another and with the individual's life history. Because of this, mouse genetic reference populations (GRPs) consisting of collections of inbred lines or recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from crosses between inbred lines are of particular value in analysis of complex traits, since massive amounts of data can be accumulated on the individual lines. However, existing mouse GRPs are derived from inbred lines that share a common history, resulting in limited genetic diversity, and reduced mapping precision due to long-range gametic disequilibrium.