Chronic stress causes striatal disinhibition mediated by SOM-interneurons in male mice.

Chronic stress (CS) is associated with a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, and it may also contribute to or exacerbate motor function. However, the mechanisms by which stress triggers motor symptoms are not fully understood. Here, we report that CS functionally alters dorsomedial striatum (DMS) circuits in male mice, by affecting GABAergic interneuron populations and somatostatin positive (SOM) interneurons in particular.

Targeting the brain 5-HT7 receptor to prevent hypomyelination in a rodent model of perinatal white matter injuries.

Approximately 15 million babies are born prematurely every year and many will face lifetime motor and/or cognitive deficits. Children born prematurely are at higher risk of developing perinatal brain lesions, especially white matter injuries (WMI). Evidence in humans and rodents demonstrates that systemic inflammation-induced neuroinflammation, including microglial and astrocyte reactivity, is the prominent processes of WMI associated with preterm birth.

Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among COVID-19 vaccinated and unvaccinated healthcare personnel, first responders, and other essential and frontline workers: Eight US locations, January-September 2021.

Background: We sought to evaluate the impact of changes in estimates of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness on the incidence of laboratory-confirmed infection among frontline workers at high risk for SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective frontline worker cohort to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 by month as well as the association of COVID-19 vaccination, occupation, demographics, physical distancing, and mask use with infection risk. Participants completed baseline and quarterly surveys, and each week self-collected mid-turbinate nasal swabs and reported symptoms.

Bovicin HC5 and nisin reduce cell viability and the thermal resistance of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris endospores in fruit juices.

Background: Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris is an important thermoacidophilic spore-forming bacterium in fruit-juice deterioration, and alternative non-thermal methods have been investigated to control fruit juice spoilage. This work aimed to evaluate the capacity of bovicin HC5 and nisin to inhibit the growth of vegetative cells and reduce the thermal resistance of endospores of A. acidoterrestris inoculated (10 CFU mL ) in different fruit juices.

Improving Access to Kidney Transplantation: Perspectives From Dialysis and Transplant Staff in the Southeastern United States.

Rationale & Objective: There are many barriers to meeting the goal of increasing kidney transplants in the United States. It is important to understand dialysis and transplant center providers' existing practices and identified barriers to increasing the number of dialysis patients who are evaluated for and get wait-listed for a transplant.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey of dialysis unit and transplant center staff in End Stage Renal Disease Network 6 (Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina).

Sex differences in offspring neurodevelopment, cognitive performance and microglia morphology associated with maternal diabetes: Putative targets for insulin therapy.

Diabetes during pregnancy has been shown to affect the central nervous system (CNS) of the offspring, resulting in short- and long-term adverse effects. Children of diabetic mothers are more likely to develop cognitive impairment, also having increased susceptibility to psychiatric disorders. Microglia, the immune cells of the CNS, work as sensors of environmental changes, namely metabolic challenges, as early as the intrauterine period.

Mobile teleradiology system suitable for m-health services supporting content and semantic based image retrieval on a grid infrastructure.

Teleradiology systems tackle the problem of transferring radiological images between medical image workstations for facilitating different medical activities, e.g., diagnosis, treatment and follow up a patient, medical training, or consulting second opinion.

An automatic method for the enrichment of DICOM metadata using biomedical ontologies.

This work is a novel contribution for enriching medical images using semantic annotations with a strategy for unifying different ontologies and instances of DICOM medical files. We present the L-MOM library (Library for Mapping of Ontological Metadata) as a tool for making an automatic mapping between instances of DICOM medical files and different medical ontologies (e.g.

An instrument-free method for the demonstration of efflux pump activity of bacteria.

Unlabelled: The aim of the study was to develop a simple, inexpensive, reproducible ethidium bromide (EB)-agar based method that is independent of any specialized instrumentation, for the demonstration of efflux pump activity, which is responsible for antibiotic resistance of bacteria.

Materials And Methods: A series of agar plates containing varying concentrations of EB were swabbed with strains of Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus, which differed with respect to efflux pump activity. The plates were incubated at different temperatures and time periods and the measurements of fluorescence were used to evaluate the efflux activity of each culture.

Mycobacterium sp., Rhodococcus erythropolis, and Pseudomonas putida behavior in the presence of organic solvents.

This work aimed at studying the behavior and tolerance of Mycobacterium sp. NRRL B-3805, Rhodococcus erythropolis DCL14 and Pseudomonas putida S12 cells in the presence of various concentrations of water miscible (ethanol, butanol, and dimethylformamide, up to 50% v/v) and water immiscible solvents (dodecane, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and toluene, up to 5% v/v). When incubated in the presence of these solvents, the cells were found to have lower tolerance to butanol and toluene than to the remaining solvents.