Contextualizing and optimizing novel strategies to improve the latent TB continuum of care: Insights from people living with HIV and health care providers in Brazil.

Tuberculosis (TB) causes 1 in 3 deaths among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Diagnosing and treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is critical to reducing TB incidence and mortality. Blood-based screening tests (e.

Examination of respiratory specimens improves microbiological diagnosis of patients with presumptive extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Objectives: Bacteriological confirmation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is challenging for several reasons: the paucibacillary nature of the sample; scarce resources, mainly in middle and low-income countries; the need for hospitalization; and unfavorable outcomes. We evaluated the diagnostic role of respiratory specimen examination prospectively in a cohort of patients with presumptive EPTB.

Methods: From July 2018 to January 2019, in a tuberculosis (TB)/HIV reference hospital, a cohort of 157 patients with presumed EPTB was evaluated.

Feasibility of GeneXpert Edge for Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Difficult-to-Reach Populations: Preliminary Results of a Proof-of-Concept Study.

GeneXpert Edge (GX-Edge) is a new point-of-care platform not yet tested in the field. In this proof-of-concept study conducted for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in communities living alongside two large rivers of the Brazilian Amazon, we demonstrate that GX-Edge implemented in boats to offer onsite testing is a feasible strategy to investigate potentially devastating diseases such as tuberculosis in difficult-to-reach populations, such as riverside communities.

Predictors of mortality among intensive care unit patients coinfected with tuberculosis and HIV.

Objective: To identify factors predictive of mortality in patients admitted to the ICU with tuberculosis (TB)/HIV coinfection in the Manaus, Amazon Region.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of TB/HIV coinfected patients over 18 years of age who were admitted to an ICU in the city of Manaus, Brazil, between January of 2011 and December of 2014. Sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were assessed.

[Factors associated with TB/HIV coinfection: evidence from notification data in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, 2001-2012].

Tuberculosis (TB) in persons living with HIV (PLHIV) is the leading infectious cause of AIDS-related death. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of TB/HIV coinfection, evaluate notification of the two diseases over time by probabilistic database linkage, and identify factors associated with AIDS and TB notifications. Prevalence of TB/HIV coinfection was 7.

Temporal distribution of tuberculosis in the State of Amazonas, Brazil.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious diseases that contributes most to the morbidity and mortality of millions of people worldwide. Brazil is one of 22 countries that accounts for 80% of the tuberculosis global burden. The highest incidence rates in Brazil occur in the States of Amazonas and Rio de Janeiro.

Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment default in an endemic area of the Brazilian Amazon: a case control-study.

Setting: Treatment default is a serious problem in tuberculosis control because it implies persistence of infection source, increased mortality, increased relapse rates and facilitates the development of resistant strains.

Objective: This study analyzed tuberculosis treatment default determinants in the Amazonas State to contribute in planning appropriate control interventions.

Design: Observational study with a retrospective cohort using Brazilian Disease Notification System data from 2005 to 2010.