Evolution of the Multielemental Content along the Red Wine Production Process from and Grape Varieties.

In the present work, 38 elements were quantified in the different fractions generated by applying amateur winemaking methods. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry was used as detection technique. Grapes were analyzed and separate metal profiles were also obtained for the skin and seeds.

Food consumption, body mass index and risk for oral health in adolescents.

Objective: The food intake has great influence on the oral health of adolescents, being relevant to analyze the type of food consumed by adolescents and their relationship with the DMFT index (decayed, missing and filled), the plaque index (PI) and the body mass index (BMI).

Design: Epidemiological study conducted in public schools of the 3rd cycle of basic education, central Portugal.

Instruments: The sociodemographic and dietary habits and frequency characterization was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire completed by adolescents and validated for the population under study.

Changes in antimicrobial resistance among faecal enterococci isolated from growing broilers prophylactically medicated with three commercial antimicrobials.

A controlled environment poultry house (1600m(2)) was divided into two separated compartments. Three hundred twenty chick containers (each containing 100 chicks) were randomly allocated to each compartment. Antimicrobial products were provided (via drinking water) to one broiler group in three different growth phases for prophylactic purposes: lincomycin associated with spectinomycin from day 1 to day 3, trimethoprim associated with sulfamethoxazole from day 19 to day 21, and tylosin from day 26 to day 28.

Effects of antimicrobial treatment on selection of resistant Escherichia coli in broiler fecal flora.

Under field conditions, three commercial antimicrobials were sequentially prescribed to 16,000 broiler chickens during their rearing period, via drinking water using subtherapeutic levels for 3 days. A control group of 16,000 broilers was placed in the same controlled environment poultry house. Feed diet and fecal samples from both groups were collected periodically.

Antimicrobial resistance in Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli isolated from poultry feed and feed ingredients.

Poultry feed is at the start of the food safety chain in the "farm-to-fork" model, and might serve as a source of antimicrobial resistant bacteria present in poultry meat. Antimicrobial resistance was investigated in 1137 enterococci and 163 Escherichia coli strains recovered from 23 samples of commercial broiler feed and 66 samples of raw feeding materials taken over half a year timespan. Enumeration of enterococci and E.