Extracting Robust Biomarkers From Multichannel EEG Time Series Using Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction Applied to Ordinal Pattern Statistics and Spectral Quantities.

In this study, ordinal pattern analysis and classical frequency-based EEG analysis methods are used to differentiate between EEGs of different age groups as well as individuals. As characteristic features, functional connectivity as well as single-channel measures in both the time and frequency domain are considered. We compare the separation power of each feature set after nonlinear dimensionality reduction using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding and demonstrate that ordinal pattern-based measures yield results comparable to frequency-based measures applied to preprocessed data, and outperform them if applied to raw data.

The Cognitive Underpinnings of Option Generation in Everyday Life Decision-Making: A Latent Variable Analysis.

The ability to generate options for action is crucial for everyday life decision-making. In this article, we propose and test a model of the cognitive underpinnings of option generation in everyday life situations. We carried out a laboratory study using measures of a wide range of cognitive functions and asked participants (N = 157) to generate options for actions for different everyday life decision-making scenarios.

Quantifying spatiotemporal complexity of cardiac dynamics using ordinal patterns.

Analyzing the dynamics of complex excitation wave patterns in cardiac tissue plays a key role for understanding the origin of life-threatening arrhythmias and for devising novel approaches to control them. The quantification of spatiotemporal complexity, however, remains a challenging task. This holds in particular for the analysis of data from fluorescence imaging (optical mapping), which allows for the measurement of membrane potential and intracellular calcium at high spatial and temporal resolution.

The effects of caffeine on option generation and subsequent choice.

Rationale: Although the effects of caffeine on basic cognitive functions are well-known, its effects on more complex decision making, particularly on option generation, is yet to be explored.

Objective: We examined the effects of caffeine on option generation in decision making using everyday life decisional situations.

Methods: In a double-blind placebo-controlled experiment, participants (N = 47) either received 300 mg of caffeine or a placebo.

Social influence and perceptual decision making: a diffusion model analysis.

Classic studies on social influence used simple perceptual decision-making tasks to examine how the opinions of others change individuals' judgments. Since then, one of the most fundamental questions in social psychology has been whether social influence can alter basic perceptual processes. To address this issue, we used a diffusion model analysis.

Synchronization patterns in transient spiral wave dynamics.

Transient dynamics of spiral waves in a two-dimensional Barkley model is shown to be governed by pattern formation processes resulting in regions of synchronized activity separated by moving interfaces. During the transient the number of internally synchronized regions decreases as synchronization fronts move to the boundary of the simulated area. This spatiotemporal transient dynamics in an excitable medium is detected and visualized by means of an analysis of the local periodicity and by evaluation of prediction errors across the spatial domain.