Longitudinal investigation of neuroimaging changes related to memory decline in multiple sclerosis: Testing a mechanistic model.

Background: Memory decline is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), although pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood.

Objective: The objective was to investigate the relationship of changes in structural and functional neuroimaging markers to memory decline over 3-year follow-up.

Methods: Participants with MS underwent cognitive evaluation and structural, diffusion, and functional 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at baseline and 3-year follow-up.

Sex differences in brain resilience of individuals with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Brain resilience allows maintenance of neurocognitive function in the face of age or disease-related neural changes.

Objective: Test the hypothesis that women and men with MS differ in brain resilience.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis of prospective cohort data included 11,297 patients.

Disparities in DMT treatment: Demographic and neurocognitive differences between MS patients currently treated versus not treated with disease-modifying therapies.

Background: Current treatment guidelines recommend consideration of disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for all multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, but barriers to access have begun to be identified. In particular, prior studies have found that people with higher education have better access to DMTs, perhaps explained by the association of higher education with higher income. And while the majority of people with MS are women, being male is also associated with higher income.