Chitosan-isoniazid conjugates: Synthesis, evaluation of tuberculostatic activity, biodegradability and toxicity.

Novel water-soluble chitosan-isoniazid conjugates were synthesized by two methods: (1) the carbodiimide method using isoniazid (INH) and N-(2-carboxyethyl)chitosan (CEC), and (2) the reaction between INH and N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)chitosan (CHPC). The solubility of the conjugates under physiological conditions was enhanced by phosphorylation. Method (1) is preferable in terms of obtaining conjugates with a high content of active substance; depending on reaction conditions, the degree of substitution in the INH-CEC conjugates varies from 0.

Interfacial bond-breaking electron transfer in mixed water-ethylene glycol solutions: reorganization energy and interplay between different solvent modes.

We explore solvent dynamics effects in interfacial bond breaking electron transfer in terms of a multimode approach and make an attempt to interpret challenging recent experimental results (the nonmonotonous behavior of the rate constant of electroreduction of S2O8(2-) from mixed water-EG solutions when increasing the EG fraction; see Zagrebin, P.A. et al.