Correlation-based inference for linkage disequilibrium with multiple alleles.

The correlation between alleles at a pair of genetic loci is a measure of linkage disequilibrium. The square of the sample correlation multiplied by sample size provides the usual test statistic for the hypothesis of no disequilibrium for loci with two alleles and this relation has proved useful for study design and marker selection. Nevertheless, this relation holds only in a diallelic case, and an extension to multiple alleles has not been made.

Nb_HetEx: a program to estimate the effective number of breeders.

The program "Nb_HetEx" estimates the effective number of breeders (N(b)) that produced the sampled progeny based on genotype counts contained in that sample. When the number of breeders is very small, there is an excess of heterozygotes in their progeny: the smaller the number of breeders, the larger the heterozygote excess. The Nb_HetEx program also estimates N(e) through the temporal method.