Combination Resective or Ablative Epilepsy Surgery with Neurostimulation for Complex Epilepsy Networks: A Case Series.

Introduction: Complex epilepsy networks with multifocal onset zones that overlap with eloquent cortex may benefit from combined surgical approaches. However, limited data exist on outcomes associated with performing these therapies in tandem. In this case series, we report on 6 patients who underwent combination surgery with either resection or laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) and neuromodulation with responsive neurostimulation (RNS) or deep brain stimulation (DBS).

A systematic review of focused ultrasound for psychiatric disorders: current applications, opportunities, and challenges.

Objective: Advancements in MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) technology have led to the successful treatment of select movement disorders. Based on the comparative success between ablation and deep brain stimulation, interest arises in focused ultrasound (FUS) as a promising treatment modality for psychiatric illnesses. In this systematic review, the authors examined current applications of FUS for psychiatric conditions and explored its potential opportunities and challenges.

Beta Oscillations in the Sensory Thalamus During Severe Facial Neuropathic Pain Using Novel Sensing Deep Brain Stimulation.

Objective: Advancements in deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices provide a unique opportunity to record local field potentials longitudinally to improve the efficacy of treatment for intractable facial pain. We aimed to identify potential electrophysiological biomarkers of pain in the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) of the thalamus and periaqueductal gray (PAG) using a long-term sensing DBS system.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed power spectra of ambulatory pain-related events from one patient implanted with a long-term sensing generator, representing different pain intensities (pain >7, pain >9) and pain qualities (no pain, burning, stabbing, and shocking pain).

Dynamic Visualization of Gyral and Sulcal Stereoelectroencephalographic Contacts in Humans.

Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is a neurosurgical method to survey electrophysiological activity within the brain to treat disorders such as Epilepsy. In this stereotactic approach, leads are implanted through straight trajectories to survey both cortical and sub-cortical activity.Visualizing the recorded locations covering sulcal and gyral activity while staying true to the cortical architecture is challenging due to the folded, three-dimensional nature of the human cortex.

Dynamic Visualization of Gyral and Sulcal Stereoelectroencephalographic contacts in Humans.

Unlabelled: Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is a neurosurgical method to survey electrophysiological activity within the brain to treat disorders such as Epilepsy. In this stereotactic approach, leads are implanted through straight trajectories to survey both cortical and sub-cortical activity. Visualizing the recorded locations covering sulcal and gyral activity while staying true to the cortical architecture is challenging due to the folded, three-dimensional nature of the human cortex.

Stereo-EEG recordings extend known distributions of canonical movement-related oscillations.

Previous electrophysiological research has characterized canonical oscillatory patterns associated with movement mostly from recordings of primary sensorimotor cortex. Less work has attempted to decode movement based on electrophysiological recordings from a broader array of brain areas such as those sampled by stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG), especially in humans. We aimed to identify and characterize different movement-related oscillations across a relatively broad sampling of brain areas in humans and if they extended beyond brain areas previously associated with movement.

Case Report of Dual-Site Neurostimulation and Chronic Recording of Cortico-Striatal Circuitry in a Patient With Treatment Refractory Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

Psychiatric disorders are increasingly understood as dysfunctions of hyper- or hypoconnectivity in distributed brain circuits. A prototypical example is obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), which has been repeatedly linked to hyper-connectivity of cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) loops. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) and lesions of CSTC structures have shown promise for treating both OCD and related disorders involving over-expression of automatic/habitual behaviors.

pd-parser: A tool for Matching Photodiode Deflection Events to Time-Stamped Events.

Precise synchronization of events displayed on a monitor to recordings of time series data is critical for applications such as vision or psychophysics research. To achieve this, researchers often use a photodiode to convert the luminance on a monitor over time into a voltage time course, which is what is recorded. pd-parser matches photodiode deflection events to time-stamped events; it is particularly useful when the photodiode signal is corrupted or there is drift between the clock of the computer controlling the monitor and the data acquisition computer clock.

The Neural Basis of Approach-Avoidance Conflict: A Model Based Analysis.

Approach-avoidance conflict arises when the drives to pursue reward and avoid harm are incompatible. Previous neuroimaging studies of approach-avoidance conflict have shown large variability in reported neuroanatomical correlates. These prior studies have generally neglected to account for potential sources of variability, such as individual differences in choice preferences and modeling of hemodynamic response during conflict.

MNE-BIDS: Organizing electrophysiological data into the BIDS format and facilitating their analysis.

The development of the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS; Gorgolewski et al., 2016) gave the neuroscientific community a standard to organize and share data. BIDS prescribes file naming conventions and a folder structure to store data in a set of already existing file formats.

Altering alpha-frequency brain oscillations with rapid analog feedback-driven neurostimulation.

Oscillations of the brain's local field potential (LFP) may coordinate neural ensembles and brain networks. It has been difficult to causally test this model or to translate its implications into treatments, because there are few reliable ways to alter LFP oscillations. We developed a closed-loop analog circuit to enhance brain oscillations by feeding them back into cortex through phase-locked transcranial electrical stimulation.