Melanic Facial Patterns and their Significance in the Multicolored Asian Lady Beetle (Harmonia axyridis).

The relationship between the patterns present on the pronotum and the elytron of the multicolored Asian lady beetle s was investigated. In males elytron size was a significant predictor of pronotal intensity and in females the fraction of the pronotum covered in black was related to their elytral spot brightness. Other significant sex differences included females having more of their pronota covered by melanins and the pigments deposited there being more intense than in males.