Graphical modeling of additive color mixing. Perception of objects with different color shades for different observers.

Objective: Aim: To research subjective perceptions in additive color mixing.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: 79 individuals were surveyed, and they determined the colors they perceived in two photographs. The results of color mixing were determined using statistical analysis, graphical modeling, and Python program figures.

Phytopathogenic Strains Circulating on Leguminous Plants, Alternative Hosts and Weeds in Russia.

Many bacterial plant pathogens have a broad host range important for their life cycle. Alternate hosts from plant families other than the main (primary) host support the survival and dissemination of the pathogen population even in absence of main host plants. Metabolic peculiarities of main and alternative host plants can affect genetic diversity within and between the pathogen populations isolated from those plants.

Characterisation of New Phage Murka with the Potential of pv. Control.

Phages of phytopathogenic bacteria are considered to be promising agents for the biological control of bacterial diseases in plants. This paper reports on the isolation and characterisation of a new pv. phage, Murka.

Prophage-Derived Regions in Genomes: Good Things, Small Packages.

is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria within the order . Some species (, ) are harmful pathogens of agricultural crops such as soybean, dry beans, peas, sugar beet and beetroot, which occur throughout the world. Bacteriophages (bacterial viruses) are considered to be potential curative agents to control the spread of harmful bacteria.

Research of Water Molecules Cluster Structuring during Friv. Hydration.

plant family is comprised of resurrection species, namely and , that are native to the Southeast Asia and , , and , which are mainly found in the Balkan Peninsula. is known to be able to survive extreme and prolonged dehydration. Study was carried out after the dried plant Friv.

Bacteriophage Possum: A Complex Polysaccharide-Deacetylating Tail Fiber as a Tool for Host Recognition in Pectobacterial .

Novel, closely related phages Possum and Horatius infect , a phytopathogen causing soft rot in potatoes and other essential plants. Their properties and genomic composition define them as N4-like bacteriophages of the genus , a part of a recently formed family . It is proposed that the adsorption apparatus of these phages consists of tail fibers connected to the virion through an adapter protein.

Ayka, a Novel Bacteriophage, Provides Protection against Soybean Bacterial Wilt and Tan Spot.

Diseases caused by the Gram-positive bacterium pv. (Cff) inflict substantial economic losses in soybean cultivation. Use of specific bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) for treatment of seeds and plants to prevent the development of bacterial infections is a promising approach for bioprotection in agriculture.

spp. and : Phylogeny, Genomics-Based Taxonomy, Pathogenicity, and Diagnostics.

The genus of , belonging to the family of the order, includes economically significant pathogenic bacteria of soybeans and other agricultural crops. Thorough phylogenetic and full-genome analysis using the latest genomic data has demonstrated a complex and contradictory taxonomic picture within the group of organisms classified as the species. Based on these data, it is possible to delineate about 50 new species and to reclassify a substantial part of the strains.

Bacteriophage Control of pv. in Soybean.

Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) have been considered as potential agents for the biological control of bacterial phytopathogens due to their safety and host specificity pv. (Psg) is a causative agent of the bacterial spotting of soybean (). The harm caused by this bacterium to crop production and the development of antibiotic resistance in Psg and other pathogenic microorganisms has led to the pursuit of alternative management strategies.

Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay for the Detection of , a Causal Agent of Potato Soft Rot.

is a plant-pathogenic bacterium, recently attributed as a separate species, which infects potatoes, causing soft rot in tubers. The distribution of seems to be global, although the bacterium tends to be accommodated to moderate climates. Fast and accurate detection systems for this pathogen are needed to study its biology and to identify latent infection in potatoes and other plant hosts.

Tailed Lytic Bacteriophages of Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae.

The study of the ecological and evolutionary traits of Soft Rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP) comprising genera and often involves bacterial viruses (bacteriophages). Bacteriophages are considered to be a prospective tool for the ecologically safe and highly specific protection of plants and harvests from bacterial diseases. Information concerning bacteriophages has been growing rapidly in recent years, and this has included new genomics-based principles of taxonomic distribution.

Molecular, Phenotypical, and Host-Range Characterization of Strains Isolated from spp. in Mexico.

Characteristic leaf spot and blight symptoms caused by on bougainvillea plants were found in three locations in different provinces of Mexico from 2019 to 2020. Eleven bacterial isolates with morphology similar to were obtained from the diseased bougainvillea leaves. The isolates were confirmed as by phenotypic tests and 16S rRNA, D, and B gene sequencing.

Use of a Specific Phage Cocktail for Soft Rot Control on Ware Potatoes: A Case Study.

Using bacteriophages (bacterial viruses) to control pathogenic bacteria is a promising approach in horticulture. However, the application of this strategy in real conditions requires compliance with particular technological and environmental restraints. The presented paper concerns the process of phage selection to create a cocktail that is efficient against the circulating causal agents of potato soft rot.

Molecular dynamics analysis of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine against specific SARS-CoV-2's pathogenicity factors.

The causative agent of the pandemic identified as SARS-CoV-2 leads to a severe respiratory illness similar to SARS and MERS with fever, cough, and shortness of breath symptoms and severe cases that can often be fatal. In our study, we report our findings based on molecular docking analysis which could be the new effective way for controlling the SARS-CoV-2 virus and additionally, another manipulative possibilities involving the mimicking of immune system as occurred during the bacterial cell recognition system. For this purpose, we performed molecular docking using computational biology techniques on several SARS-CoV-2 proteins that are responsible for its pathogenicity against N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.

Development of qPCR Detection Assay for Potato Pathogen Based on a Unique Target Sequence.

The recent taxonomic diversification of bacterial genera and , which cause soft rot in plants, focuses attention on the need for improvement of existing methods for the detection and differentiation of these phytopathogens. This research presents a whole genome-based approach to the selection of marker sequences unique to particular species of . The quantitative real-time PCR assay developed is selective in the context of all tested strains and is able to detect fewer than 10 copies of target DNA per reaction.

Origin and Evolution of Bacteriophages Infecting : Horizontal Transfer Assists Adaptation to New Niches.

Black leg and soft rot are devastating diseases causing up to 50% loss of potential potato yield. The search for, and characterization of, bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) suitable for the control of these diseases is currently a sought-after task for agricultural microbiology. Isolated lytic bacteriophages Q19, PP47 and PP81 possess a similar broad host range but differ in their genomic properties.

Bacteriophage Arno 160 Infects via Depolymerization of the Bacterial O-Polysaccharide.

Phytopathogenic bacteria belonging to the and genera (soft-rot ) are in the focus of agriculture-related microbiology because of their diversity, their substantial negative impact on the production of potatoes and vegetables, and the prospects of bacteriophage applications for disease control. Because of numerous amendments in the taxonomy of , there are still a few studied sequenced strains among this species. The present work reports on the isolation and characterization of the phage infectious to the type strain of .

Morphologically Different Bacteriophages PP99 and PP101: Deacetylation of O-Polysaccharide by the Tail Spike Protein of Phage PP99 Accompanies the Infection.

Soft rot caused by numerous species of and is a serious threat to the world production of potatoes. The application of bacteriophages to combat bacterial infections in medicine, agriculture, and the food industry requires the selection of comprehensively studied lytic phages and the knowledge of their infection mechanism for more rational composition of therapeutic cocktails. We present the study of two bacteriophages, infective for the strain F152.

Host Specificity of the Bacteriophage PP35 Is Directed by a Tail Spike Interaction With Bacterial -Antigen, Enabling the Infection of Alternative Non-pathogenic Bacterial Host.

is a recently emerged virulent bacterial potato pathogen that poses a major threat to world agriculture. Because of increasing antibiotic resistance and growing limitations in antibiotic use, alternative antibacterials such as bacteriophages are being developed. bacteriophages recently re-ranked as a separate family, such as phage PP35 described in this work, are the attractive candidates for this bacterial biocontrol.

Draft Genome Sequence of Pectobacterium atrosepticum PB72 and Complete Genome Sequence of the Specific Bacteriophage PP90.

We present the draft genome sequence of strain PB72 infecting potatoes in Russia. PB72 is similar to the previously reported strain 21A. Considering potential biocontrol of this pathogen, an infectious bacteriophage was isolated and characterized.

Draft Genome Sequences of New Genomospecies " Pectobacterium maceratum" Strains, Which Cause Soft Rot in Plants.

Investigation of collections of phytopathogenic bacteria has revealed some strains distinct from known spp. We report here the draft genome sequences of five such strains, isolated during the period of 1947 to 2012. Based on comparative genomics, we propose a new candidate genomospecies of the genus , " Pectobacterium maceratum.

Genomic characteristics of vB_PpaP_PP74, a T7-like Autographivirinae bacteriophage infecting a potato pathogen of the newly proposed species Pectobacterium parmentieri.

Bacteriophage vB_PpaP_PP74 (PP74) is a novel virulent phage that infects members of the species Pectobacterium parmentieri, a newly established species of soft-rot-causing bacteria in the family Pectobacteriaceae, derived from potato-specific Pectobacterium wasabiae. vB_PpaP_PP74 was identified as a member of the family Podoviridae by transmission electron microscopy. The phage has a 39,790-bp dsDNA genome containing 50 open reading frames (ORFs).

Comprehensive analysis of draft genomes of two closely related pseudomonas syringae phylogroup 2b strains infecting mono- and dicotyledon host plants.

Background: In recent years, the damage caused by bacterial pathogens to major crops has been increasing worldwide. Pseudomonas syringae is a widespread bacterial species that infects almost all major crops. Different P.