Publications by authors named "Alexander Grimm"

Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) shares overlapping clinical and electrodiagnostic features with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), which complicates the differential diagnosis of CIDP in diabetic patients. 32 patients with diabetes mellitus and CIDP, 68 patients with CIDP without diabetes, 83 patients with DPN, and 28 diabetic patients without polyneuropathy were examined using clinical scores (Overall Neuropathy Limitation Scale (ONLS), Neuropathy Symptom Score, Neuropathy Deficit Score), nerve conduction studies, and nerve ultrasound (Ultrasound Pattern Sum Score (UPSS)). The ONLS was significantly higher in the CIDP patients with diabetes than in DPN (median [interquartile range]: 4.

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Objective: Myositis-specific antibodies (MSAs) and myositis-associated antibodies (MAAs) are assessed in clinical neurology, serving as a non-invasive tool for the differential diagnosis of autoimmune myopathies. However, the presence of MSAs and MAAs in neurological disorders remains uncertain.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 878 serum samples from the neurological laboratory of the University Hospital Tübingen, Germany.

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Background: While several studies in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) focus on cognitive function, data on neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and lifelong mental activities in these patients are scarce. Since NPS are associated with functional impairment, faster cognitive decline and faster progression to death, replication studies in more diverse settings and samples are warranted.

Methods: We prospectively recruited n = 69 CAA patients and n = 18 cognitively normal controls (NC).

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Objective: Neurological autoimmune peripheral and central nervous system disorders can be associated with anti-sulfatide antibodies. These antibodies are considered potential diagnostic biomarkers, although their additional diagnostic value in neurological fields has been increasingly questioned. Given the little evidence of anti-sulfatide antibodies' frequency and diagnostic value in neurology, we aimed to fill this knowledge gap by investigating 10 years of data.

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Background: Idiopathic (IF) and nonidiopathic facial (NIF) nerve palsies are the most common forms of peripheral facial nerve palsies. Various risk factors for IF palsies, such as weather, have been explored, but such associations are sparse for NIF palsies, and it remains unclear whether certain diagnostic procedures, such as contrast agent-enhanced cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), are helpful in the differential diagnosis of NIF vs. IF.

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Elemental sulfur has shown to be a promising alternative feedstock for development of novel polymeric materials with high sulfur content. However, the utilization of inverse vulcanized polymers is restricted by the limitation of functional comonomers suitable for an inverse vulcanization. Control over properties and structure of inverse vulcanized polymers still poses a challenge to current research due to the dynamic nature of sulfur-sulfur bonds and high temperature of inverse vulcanization reactions.

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Muscle ultrasound is a valuable non-invasive and cost-effective method in assessing muscle mass and structure, both of which are significant indicators for the development of sarcopenia and frailty in elderly individuals. Sarcopenia refers to the loss of muscle mass and strength that occurs with age, whereas frailty is a complex geriatric syndrome characterized by reduced physical function and an increased susceptibility to negative health outcomes. Both conditions are prevalent in older adults and are associated with higher risks of falls, disability, and mortality.

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Inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities (IFSHs) on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences have been proposed to be indicative of glymphatic dysfunction. Replication studies in large and diverse samples are nonetheless needed to confirm them as an imaging biomarker. We investigated whether IFSHs were tied to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and cognitive performance.

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Background And Purpose: Antiganglioside antibodies (AGAs) might be involved in the etiopathogenesis of many neurological diseases, such as Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Available comprehensive reference data regarding AGA positivity rates and cross-responsiveness among AGAs (where one line immunoblot is positive for ≥1 AGA) during routine clinical care are scant.

Methods: In this 10-year monocentric retrospective study, 3560 immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM line blots (GA Generic Assays' Anti-Ganglioside Dot kit) obtained using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from 1342 patients were analyzed for AGA positivity in terms of 14 diagnosis categories and AGA cross-responsiveness.

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Article Synopsis
  • Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is linked to a higher risk of skin cancers such as Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) and pleomorphic sarcoma (PDS) compared to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC).
  • A study analyzed data from 146 AFX/PDS patients and 438 SCC/BCC controls over a seven-year period, finding that HCTZ use was significantly more common among AFX/PDS patients (44.5% vs. 25.3%).
  • The findings suggest that HCTZ may be a risk factor for developing AFX/PDS, with diabetes mellitus also linked to an increased risk.
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Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a digital patient support (DPS) tool, complementary to standard care on continuous or automatic positive airway pressure (auto)CPAP adherence and daytime sleepiness after 12 weeks in patients diagnosed with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). All patients with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 30 per hour were prospectively included and randomized to receive standard care (SC) or standard care with personalized DPS via a mobile app prototype version (SC + DPS). Patients in the SC + DPS arm received additionally automated feedback on their therapy, motivational messages and therapy recommendations.

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Background: To specify peripheral nerve affection in autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) by correlating high-resolution nerve ultrasound and nerve conduction studies.

Methods: We assessed a cohort of 11 ARSACS patients with standardized nerve conduction studies and high-resolution ultrasound of peripheral nerves and compared nerve ultrasound findings to a healthy control group matched for age, sex, size and weight.

Results: Mean age of patients was 39.

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Purpose: Individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy may benefit from epilepsy surgery. In nonlesional cases, where no epileptogenic lesion can be detected on structural magnetic resonance imaging, multimodal neuroimaging studies are required. Breath-hold-triggered BOLD fMRI (bh-fMRI) was developed to measure cerebrovascular reactivity in stroke or angiopathy and highlights regional network dysfunction by visualizing focal impaired flow increase after vasodilatory stimulus.

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Background: Nerve damage can be autoimmune inflammatory, metabolic or traumatic, among others, and can be difficult to differentiate.

Objective: What are the advantages of interdisciplinary networks and how do they work?

Material And Method: Field report with case presentation from the University Hospital Tübingen in cooperation with the BG Accident Clinic Tübingen.

Conclusion: Interdisciplinary networks improve the care of our patients and also serve as regular multidisciplinary continuing education.

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Background: Nerve injuries are a frequent problem in routine clinical practice and require intensive interdisciplinary care.

Objective: The current status of imaging to confirm the diagnosis of nerve injuries is described. The role of high-resolution ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnostics and follow-up of peripheral nerve injuries is elaborated.

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: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have enriched tumor therapy, improving overall survival. Immunotherapy adverse events (irAEs) occur in up to 50% of patients and also affect the peripheral nervous system. The exact pathomechanism is unclear; however, an autoimmune process is implicated.

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Article Synopsis
  • Neuromuscular ultrasound is a special imaging technique that helps doctors diagnose muscle and nerve disorders, but there isn't a set way to use it everywhere. * Experts in the field disagree on how to properly scan patients, which leads to different results in studies and can make things confusing. * A group of 17 experts worked together to create six standard scanning protocols, so everyone can use the same methods and get better results in diagnosing these disorders.
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: Diagnostic ultrasound of the vagus nerve has been used to examine different polyneuropathies, and it has been suggested to be useful as a marker of autonomic dysfunction in diabetic patients. : We analyzed the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the right vagus nerve of 111 patients with type 2 diabetes in comparison to 104 healthy adults and 41 patients with CIDP (chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy). In the diabetes group, sympathetic skin response (SSR) was measured as an indicator for autonomic neuropathy.

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Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv, amyloidosis transthyretin variant) encompasses a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, with polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy being the most common organ manifestations. In addition, other organ systems such as kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, eyes and brain may be affected. If left untreated, the disease progresses rapidly, leading to significantly reduced quality of life and increased mortality.

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Ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) is an emerging modality for the estimation of stiffness, but it has not been studied in relation to common disorders with altered stiffness, such as bruxism, which affects almost one-third of adults. Because this condition could lead to an increased stiffness of masticatory muscles, we investigated SWE in bruxism according to a proof-of-principle and feasibility study with 10 patients with known bruxism and an age- and gender-matched control group. SWE of the left and right masseter muscles was estimated under three conditions: relaxed jaw, 50% of the subjective maximal bite force, and maximal jaw opening.

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Rigidity in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is assessed by clinical scales, mostly the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale of the Movement Disorders Society (MDS-UPDRS). While the MDS-UPDRS-III ranges on an integer from 0 to 4, we investigated whether muscle ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) offers a refined assessment. Ten PD patients (five treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) and levodopa, five with levodopa only) and ten healthy controls were included.

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Optically pumped magnetometers (OPM) are quantum sensors that enable the contactless, non-invasive measurement of biomagnetic muscle signals, i.e., magnetomyography (MMG).

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