Chest Feminization and Masculinization Surgery: Part Two of the Plastic Surgeon's Perspective of Gender-Affirming Surgery.

Transgender individuals commonly feel significant distress and discomfort, termed gender dysphoria, as a result of the discrepancy between their gender assigned at birth and their gender identity. A major source of gender dysphoria stems from distinct anatomical differences between the male and female chest. Gender-affirming mastectomy of transmasculine patients and breast augmentation for chest feminization of transfeminine patients, also referred to as top surgery, are often the first surgical interventions and most commonly pursued physical modifications for the treatment of gender dysphoria among this patient population.

Do Plastic Surgery Residents Get Sued? An Analysis of Malpractice Lawsuits.

Unlabelled: Trainees may be implicated in malpractice lawsuits. Our study examines malpractice cases involving plastic surgery trainees.

Methods: Using the LexisNexis database, verdicts and settlements from appellate state and federal cases between February 1988 and 2020 were queried.

Facial Feminization Surgery: Part 1 of the Plastic Surgeon's Perspective of Gender-Affirming Surgery.

The perceived feminine face is distinctly unique from the perceived masculine face. Facial feminization surgery (FFS) includes a range of surgical procedures designed to change characteristically masculine facial features into feminine ones. FFS encompasses a set of bone and soft-tissue reconstructive procedures including, but not limited to, forehead contouring with or without frontal sinus setback, hairline adjustment, brow lift, rhinoplasty, lip lift, mandibular shaping, genioplasty, and "tracheal" shave, and fat grafting.

Availability of medications for opioid use disorder in outpatient and inpatient pharmacies in South Florida: a secret shopper survey.

Background: Despite the proven efficacy of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and recent reduction in barriers to prescribers, numerous obstacles exist for patients seeking MOUD. Prior studies have used telephone surveys to investigate pharmacy-related barriers to MOUD. We applied this methodology to evaluate inpatient and outpatient pharmacy barriers to MOUD in South Florida.

Internal Mammary Lymph Node Biopsy during Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction: A Prospective Study.

Background:  Accurate assessment of regional lymph node basins is critical for oncological management of breast cancer. The internal mammary lymph node (IMLN) basin directly drains the medial pole of the breast, but biopsy is not commonly performed. While the axillary sentinel lymph node sample remains the standard of care, the majority of patients who have been found to have a positive IMLN biopsy have simultaneously had negative axillary sentinel lymph nodes.

Joint-Venture Ambulatory Surgery Centers: The Perfect Partnership.

Background: Ambulatory surgery growth has increased in the last few decades as ambulatory surgery centers have been shown to succeed in cost efficiencies through their smaller size and breadth, specialization of care, and ability to quickly participate in perioperative process improvement and education.

Methods: A 5-year retrospective fiscal review was performed for all Northwell Health-physician ambulatory surgery center joint ventures. The outcome measures studied included model of ownership, specialty types, and gross revenue.

Osseous Genioplasty: Prevention of Witch's Chin Deformity with No-Degloving Technique.

Background: Osseous genioplasty is a powerful procedure that can correct chin dysmorphology; however, traditional techniques may result in chin ptosis or a "witch's chin" deformity. Iatrogenic chin ptosis is thought to be caused by excessive degloving of soft tissue with a failure to reattach the mentalis muscle. In the authors' study, they compared the "no-degloving" technique (using a 90-degree plate with lag-screw fixation) to the "traditional" technique, for minimization of chin ptosis.

Mandibular Subcondylar Fracture: Improved Functional Outcomes in Selected Patients with Open Treatment.

Background: Subcondylar fractures represent 25 to 35 percent of all mandibular fractures, yet the treatment paradigm has remained controversial. Closed treatment relies on the plasticity of the condyle head during recovery, whereas open treatment is challenging and risks facial nerve injury. Perioperative, functional, and patient-reported outcomes were measured to compare methods of open versus closed treatment of subcondylar fractures.

Turning Back the Clock: Artificial Intelligence Recognition of Age Reduction after Face-Lift Surgery Correlates with Patient Satisfaction.

Background: Patients desire face-lifting procedures primarily to appear younger, more refreshed, and attractive. Because there are few objective studies assessing the success of face-lift surgery, the authors used artificial intelligence, in the form of convolutional neural network algorithms alongside FACE-Q patient-reported outcomes, to evaluate perceived age reduction and patient satisfaction following face-lift surgery.

Methods: Standardized preoperative and postoperative (1 year) images of 50 consecutive patients who underwent face-lift procedures (platysmaplasty, superficial musculoaponeurotic system-ectomy, cheek minimal access cranial suspension malar lift, or fat grafting) were used by four neural networks (trained to identify age based on facial features) to estimate age reduction after surgery.

Online Reviews in a Major City: Who Will Choose You?

Objective: A large factor influencing a patient's choice of aesthetic plastic surgeons is online patient reviews.

Methods/technique: Plastic surgeons whose practices are located in counties within the New York metro area were included. Selected surgeons were divided into private and academic surgeons (defined as having a residency program).

Facelift Surgery Turns Back the Clock: Artificial Intelligence and Patient Satisfaction Quantitate Value of Procedure Type and Specific Techniques.

Background: Patients desire facelifting procedures to look younger, refreshed, and attractive. Unfortunately, there are few objective studies assessing the success of types of facelift procedures and ancillary techniques.

Objectives: The authors sought to utilize convolutional neural network algorithms alongside patient-reported FACE-Q outcomes to evaluate perceived age reduction and patient satisfaction following various facelift techniques.

Standards and Trends in Lipoabdominoplasty.

Background: Lipoabdominoplasty has evolved over the last 6 decades through contributions from numerous luminaries in plastic and reconstructive surgery.

Methods: The authors review historical perspective and provide a contemporary examination of trends in lipoabdominoplasty.

Results: In 1967, Pitanguy popularized abdominoplasty (without liposuction) as a technique for augmenting ventral hernias repairs and subsequently for aesthetic improvement of the abdomen.

The COVID-19 Pandemic: Crisis Management for Plastic Surgeons.

The worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has forced health care systems across the United States to undertake broad restructuring to address the ongoing crisis. The framework of crisis management can assist plastic surgeons navigate the dynamic environment of the COVID-19 pandemic. This article outlines crisis management tools at a number of different levels, from hospital-wide to plastic surgeon-specific, and it offers a practical discussion of the coronavirus situation as it affects plastic surgeons.