Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Contributing to COVID-19-Related Delays and Reductions in Primary Retinal Detachment Repair in a US Hot Spot.

Purpose: This work evaluates demographic and socioeconomic predictors of delayed care for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) during the spring 2020 COVID-19 shutdown in a US hot spot.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective, case-control study took place in 3 academic vitreoretinal practices in metropolitan Boston. Consecutive patients treated for RRD during the COVID-19 state of emergency were compared with patients treated during the same period in 2018 and 2019.

Risk factors for fellow eye treatment in protocol T.

Purpose: To identify risk factors for fellow eye treatment of diabetic retinopathy with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) injections during the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network (DRCR.Net) Protocol T trial METHODS: In this post-hoc analysis of randomized clinical trial data, Cox regression analysis was performed at 52 and 104 weeks to determine risk factors for treatment in 360 fellow eyes. Survival analysis was performed to determine mean time to treatment based upon medication used.

Combined phaco-vitrectomy provides lower costs and greater area under the curve vision gains than sequential vitrectomy and phacoemulsification.

Purpose: A majority of phakic patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane or macular hole require subsequent cataract surgery within 1-2 years. Combined phaco-vitrectomy eliminates the need for a second surgery and may enable patients to attain their best vision sooner. This study aims to compare the visual outcomes, complication rates, and costs of combined phaco-vitrectomy versus sequential vitrectomy followed by cataract surgery.

A case of the blues: Inadvertent ocular injury from accidental instillation of blue ink.

Purpose: Many consumer products and non-ophthalmic medications are packaged in plastic "eye dropper" bottles, posing a risk of accidental ocular chemical injury when these substances are mistaken for eye drops.

Observations: We present the case of an elderly glaucoma patient who mistook blue stamper ink for the glaucoma medication Combigan®, and suffered ocular injury as a result.

Conclusions And Importance: The packaging of non-ophthalmic products in plastic "eye dropper" bottles poses a significant risk of accidental ocular chemical injury.

Cytomegalovirus retinitis in the post-cART era.

Purpose Of Review: To review the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in the post-combined antiretroviral era (cART) era.

Recent Findings: Although cART has dramatically reduced CMVR incidence and morbidity in the HIV population, CMVR continues to cause significant vision loss in both HIV and non-HIV patients, especially amongst patients without immune reconstitution. Advances in imaging including ultra-widefield fundus and autofluorescence imaging, optical coherence tomography, and adaptive optics may reflect CMVR activity; however, the diagnosis remains a clinical one.

Retinopathy of prematurity: a review of risk factors and their clinical significance.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal vasoproliferative disease that affects premature infants. Despite improvements in neonatal care and management guidelines, ROP remains a leading cause of childhood blindness worldwide. Current screening guidelines are primarily based on two risk factors: birth weight and gestational age; however, many investigators have suggested other risk factors, including maternal factors, prenatal and perinatal factors, demographics, medical interventions, comorbidities of prematurity, nutrition, and genetic factors.

Cytomegalovirus Retinitis: A Review.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous DNA herpes virus that causes significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. CMV retinitis is a potentially blinding manifestation of CMV infection that was commonly seen in advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the era before modern combination antiretroviral therapy era, but is also recognized in patients with immune deficiency from multiple causes. The advent of and advances in antiretroviral therapies for human immunodeficiency virus have decreased the incidence of CMV retinitis by over 90% among AIDS patients, and improved visual outcomes in those affected.

The Global Education Network for Retinopathy of Prematurity (Gen-Rop): Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of A Novel Tele-Education System (An American Ophthalmological Society Thesis).

Purpose: To describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a tele-education system developed to improve diagnostic competency in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) by ophthalmology residents.

Methods: A secure Web-based tele-education system was developed utilizing a repository of over 2,500 unique image sets of ROP. For each image set used in the system, a reference standard ROP diagnosis was established.

Risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity: insights from outlier infants.

Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of outlier infants for insights into ROP risk.

Methods: Chart data were collected from 1,354 infants screened for ROP at Weill Cornell Medical Center and Columbia University Medical Center. ROP exam results and clinical risk factors were recorded.

Histopathologic changes in punctal stenosis.

Purpose: To describe the pathologic changes in punctal stenosis by reporting the histopathologic findings in a series of punctoplasty specimens.

Methods: Observational retrospective chart review. Electronic health records of all patients having punctoplasty over a 2-year period at an academic oculoplastic practice were examined.

Temporal horizons in pain management: understanding the perspectives of physicians, physical therapists, and their middle-aged and older adult patients.

Purpose: The management of chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) involves trade-offs between immediate and delayed consequences of various treatments. Temporal trade-offs may be particularly salient for older adults because of age-related differences in prognosis and perceptions of future time. This study examined how perceptions of time influence the management of CNCP among patients and providers with particular emphasis on age differences.