Increased paracellular permeability of tumor-adjacent areas in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats.

Objective: The morphology and functions of the proximal and distal large intestine are not the same. The incidence of colorectal cancer in these regions is also different, as tumors more often appear in the descending colon than in the ascending colon. Inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer can increase transepithelial permeability, which is a sign of reduced intestinal barrier function.

Metformin prevents hormonal and metabolic disturbances and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in non-diabetic rats.

Effects of two doses of the anti-diabetic drug, metformin (MF), on hormonal and metabolic levels of serum of non-diabetic male Wistar rats with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon tumor adenocarcinomas were studied. Carcinogenesis in the animals was also observed. Rats with DMH-induced colon adenocarcinomas had elevated levels of serum glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, total cholesterol, triglycerides, catalase, malonic dialdehyde, glycated hemoglobin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase and decreased hemoglobin.

Erectile dysfunction in a murine model of sleep apnea.

Rationale: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is frequent in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), one of the hallmarks of OSAS, could mediate ED.

Objectives: To determine whether intermittent hypoxia during sleep affects erectile dysfunction in mice.

Postnatal intermittent hypoxia and developmental programming of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats: the role of reactive oxygen species and L-Ca2+ channels.

Obstructive and central apneas during sleep are associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and increased cardiovascular morbidity. Spontaneously hypertensive rats exposed to CIH during postnatal days 4 to 30 develop exaggerated hypertension as adults. We hypothesized that reactive oxygen species and altered L-Ca(2+) channel activity may underlie the postnatal programming of exaggerated blood pressure and cardiac remodeling.

Circuits and projections of cat stellate ganglion.

Background: Although connections of stellate ganglion (SG) have been widely explored, some features of pathways and projections remain unknown, such as the source and fate of preganglionic axons present in output branches, including both synaptically interrupted and traversing pathways as well as axon composition (efferent and afferent) of these output nerves.

Methods: Circuits and central projections of cat SG were investigated using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracer and electrophysiologic techniques including stimulation of ganglionic branches during recording of genesis of compound action potentials in other nerves or centrally evoked responses.

Results: All branches of SG including vertebral nerve are mixed, i.

Neuronal organization and cell interactions of the cat stellate ganglion.

The functional structure of the cat stellate ganglion (SG) and, in particular, its extra- and intraganglionic connections and neuronal organization, were investigated using histochemical, immunohistochemical, morphological and histological methods. Retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to determine most of the extraganglionic interactions. Of the targets tested, the most extensive efferent connections of the SG were with the stemocleidomastoid muscle, trachea, esophagus and heart.

Daytime pineal gland activation in rats with colon tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine(3).

OBJECTIVES: Intact rats and rats with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced tumors of large intestine were used in experiments. Previously, blood melatonin concentration in these tumor-bearing rats was shown to increase at night, but not in the daytime. METHODS: The extracellular microelectrode registration of rat daytime pineal gland activity was performed.