Are non-fungible payments attractive when they reduce risk exposure? Evidence from Colombia.

We conducted a lab-in-the-field experiment in which 214 Colombian rural workers must choose between cash or voucher payment for completing a real effort task. Although the voucher may be perceived as non-fungible, it halves the probability of suffering a negative shock that will reduce the participant's payment by two-thirds. Participants made four decisions in which we vary the voucher values such that this payment method offers, in expectation, between 88% to 123% of the cash payment (fixed across decisions).

Double doping of conjugated polymers with monomer molecular dopants.

Molecular doping is a crucial tool for controlling the charge-carrier concentration in organic semiconductors. Each dopant molecule is commonly thought to give rise to only one polaron, leading to a maximum of one donor:acceptor charge-transfer complex and hence an ionization efficiency of 100%. However, this theoretical limit is rarely achieved because of incomplete charge transfer and the presence of unreacted dopant.

Lesinurad: A Novel Agent for Management of Chronic Gout.

Objective: To review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of lesinurad and determine its role relative to other agents in the management of chronic gout.

Data Sources: A PubMed search (1946 to February 2018) using the terms lesinurad and RDEA594 was conducted to identify relevant articles.

Study Selection And Data Extraction: In vitro or in vivo evaluations of lesinurad published in the English language were eligible for inclusion.