A review of climate change effects on practices for mitigating water quality impacts.

Water quality practices are commonly implemented to reduce human impacts on land and water resources. In series or parallel in a landscape, systems of practices can reduce local and downstream pollution delivery. Many practices function via physical, chemical, and biological processes that are dependent on weather and climate.

Examining the needs of survivors of critical illness through the lens of palliative care: A qualitative study of survivor experiences.

Objective: To examine the needs of adult survivors of critical illness through a lens of palliative care.

Research Methodology: A qualitative study of adult survivors of critical illness using semi-structured interviews and framework analysis.

Setting: Participants were recruited from the post-intensive care unit clinic of a mid-Atlantic academic medical center in the United States.

Impact of tight glycemic control and hypoglycemia after pediatric cardiac surgery on neurodevelopmental outcomes at three years of age: Findings from a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Studies examining the impact of randomization As per standard instruction, city is required for affiliations; however, this information is missing in affiliation 6. Please check if the provided city is correct and amend if necessary. to tight glycemic control (TGC) and resultant hypoglycemia on later neurodevelopmental outcomes have produced mixed results.

The Prevalence of Spiritual and Social Support Needs and Their Association With Postintensive Care Syndrome Symptoms Among Critical Illness Survivors Seen in a Post-ICU Follow-Up Clinic.

Objectives: Spiritual and social support may be key facilitators for critical illness recovery and are identified as high priority for research. Understanding the prevalence of spiritual and social support needs in critical illness survivors may guide development of targeted interventions for support, which, in turn, may improve critical illness survivor quality of life. To characterize unmet spiritual and social support needs in critical illness survivors approximately 1 month after hospital discharge and examine the association of these needs with postintensive care syndrome (PICS)-related symptom burden.

Forest riparian buffers reduce timber harvesting effects on stream temperature, but additional climate adaptation strategies are likely needed under future conditions.

Stream water temperature imposes metabolic constraints on the health of cold-water fish like salmonids. Timber harvesting can reduce stream shading leading to higher water temperatures, while also altering stream hydrology. In the Pacific Northwest, riparian buffer requirements are designed to mitigate these impacts; however, anticipated future changes in air temperature and precipitation could reduce the efficacy of these practices in protecting aquatic ecosystems.

Behavioral Effects of Focal Irradiation in a Juvenile Murine Model.

Chemotherapy has been successfully used to reduce radiation dose and volume for most pediatric patients. However, because of the failure of chemotherapeutic agents to cross the blood-brain barrier and the lack of response of some brain tumors to these agents, radiation therapy is still used to treat many childhood cancers with CNS involvement. In this study, we investigated the radiation effects on cognition and dendritic structure in the hippocampus in juvenile male mice.

Does a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Affect Key Outcomes in Women Participating in a Diabetes Prevention Program?

Objectives To evaluate lifestyle change outcomes among women with and without a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) enrolled in the Montana Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). Methods Participation, self-monitoring behavior, weight loss, and cardiometabolic risk reduction were compared among 5091 women at high-risk for type 2 diabetes, with and without a history of GDM, enrolled in the Montana DPP between 2008 and 2015. Results Women with a history of GDM (6% of enrolled women, n = 283) were significantly younger than women without GDM.

Acetylcholinesterase activity and time after a peak pesticide-use period among Ecuadorian children.

Purpose: Mother's Day (May) is a holiday with substantial demand for flowers, associated with heightened flower production and escalated pesticide use. The effect of spray seasons on pesticide exposures of children living in agricultural communities but who do not work in agriculture is poorly understood. In this study, we estimated the association of time after Mother's Day harvest with children's acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity.

Prevalence of signs of trachoma, ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection and antibodies to Pgp3 in residents of Kiritimati Island, Kiribati.

Objective: In some Pacific Island countries, such as Solomon Islands and Fiji, active trachoma is common, but ocular Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection and trachomatous trichiasis (TT) are rare. On Tarawa, the most populous Kiribati island, both the active trachoma sign "trachomatous inflammation-follicular" (TF) and TT are present at prevalences warranting intervention. We sought to estimate prevalences of TF, TT, ocular Ct infection, and anti-Ct antibodies on Kiritimati Island, Kiribati, to assess local relationships between these parameters, and to help determine the need for interventions against trachoma on Kiribati islands other than Tarawa.

Low Prevalence of Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Active Trachoma in the Western Division of Fiji.

Background: Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness and is caused by ocular infection with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct). While the majority of the global disease burden is found in sub-Saharan Africa, the Western Pacific Region has been identified as trachoma endemic. Population surveys carried out throughout Fiji have shown an abundance of both clinically active trachoma and trachomatous trichiasis in all divisions.

Impact of Tight Glycemic Control on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 1 Year of Age for Children with Congenital Heart Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To assess the association of postoperative tight glycemic control and hypoglycemia in children undergoing cardiac surgery with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 1 year of age.

Study Design: A 2-center, prospective, randomized trial of postoperative tight glycemic control vs standard care was conducted in 980 children undergoing cardiac surgery. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed at nine to 18 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III), the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Second Edition, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition, and the Brief Infant Toddler Social-Emotional Assessment.

Enaminones 11. An examination of some ethyl ester enaminone derivatives as anticonvulsant agents.

In this paper, we investigated the previously synthesized anticonvulsant enaminone ethyl ester analogs using the computational gaussian 03 programs. The significant chemical features of the enaminone compounds that lead to positive anticonvulsant activity were identified. From our analyses, we believe that the neutrality of the phenyl ring may be important for binding in the hydrophobic pocket of the active site and that the binding of the phenyl substituent is the main reason why some analogs are active and others are inactive.

3-(4-Chloro-benzene-sulfonamido)-5-methyl-cyclo-hex-2-en-1-one.

For the title compound, C(13)H(14)ClNO(3)S, geometrical parameters, determined using X-ray diffraction techniques, are compared with those calculated by density functional theory (DFT), using hybrid exchange-correlation functional, B3LYP methods. The dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the conjugated part of the cyclo-hexene ring is 87.47 (5)°.

Aspirin for prevention of cardiovascular events in a general population screened for a low ankle brachial index: a randomized controlled trial.

Context: A low ankle brachial index (ABI) indicates atherosclerosis and an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Screening for a low ABI can identify an asymptomatic higher risk group potentially amenable to preventive treatments.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of aspirin in preventing events in people with a low ABI identified on screening the general population.

tert-Butyl 6-methyl-2-oxo-4-[4-(trifluoro-meth-oxy)anilino]cyclo-hex-3-ene-1-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C(19)H(22)F(3)NO(4), the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the conjugated part of the enaminone ring is 42.5 (1)°. The ester substituent makes a dihedral angle of 81.

tert-Butyl 4-(4-chloro-anilino)-6-methyl-2-oxocyclo-hex-3-ene-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C(18)H(22)ClNO(3), the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the conjugated part of the enaminone ring is 55.19 (9)°. The ester substituent makes a dihedral angle of 81.

Low dose aspirin and cognitive function in middle aged to elderly adults: randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the effects of low dose aspirin on cognitive function in middle aged to elderly men and women at moderately increased cardiovascular risk.

Design: Randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.

Setting: Central Scotland.

Development of malaria blood-stage vaccines: learning from mosquitoes.

If current methods of vaccine development for malaria continue to result in vaccines with only relatively limited degrees of protection, what is the alternative? Here, a totally different approach to blood-stage vaccine research is suggested, focusing on malarial immunity as it develops in macaque monkeys, but using methodology already well established in mosquito research.

T-cell depletion and immunity to malaria in HIV-infections.

Although early reports on HIV and malaria in co-infected subjects indicated little apparent interaction between the two infections, more recent investigations have found evidence for HIV increasing the risk from malaria. Conversely, increased viral load in susceptible cells occurs in malaria-infected people. However, the overall pattern of results is still somewhat confusing and contradictory.