Long-term results of a single-center prospective randomized trial assessing efficacy of a shortened course of adjuvant chemotherapy after radical cystectomy in patients with locally advanced bladder cancer.

Introduction: This study assesses the efficacy and tolerability of two cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) with gemcitabine and cisplatin after radical cystectomy in patients with a high risk of progression of muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer as compared to chemotherapy at relapse, in a prospective randomized study.

Material And Methods: From 2008 to 2013, all patients after radical cystectomy at our institution for primary or recurrent urothelial bladder cancer with stage pT3-4 and/or pN+ on histopathology and without contraindications to combination cisplatin-based chemotherapy, were randomized either to two cycles of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy or to follow-up and chemotherapy at the time of relapse. The study endpoints were overall, cancer-specific, and disease-free survival.

Results of a prospective randomized study assessing the efficacy of fluorescent cystoscopy-assisted transurethral resection and single instillation of doxorubicin in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of two treatment options for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC): (1) transurethral resection (TUR) guided by fluorescence cystoscopy (FC) with the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and (2) single early instillation of doxorubicin in a single-center open-label prospective randomized study with a 2 × 2 factorial design.

Patients And Methods: Patients with clinical suspicion of primary or recurrent NMIBC were randomized into four study arms: FC-assisted TUR with 5-ALA and single instillation of doxorubicin, FC-assisted TUR without instillation, TUR in white light (WL) with single instillation of doxorubicin, and WL-TUR only. The study was designed to assess recurrence-free survival in arms with and without any of two interventions.