Molecular monitoring of therapeutic milestones and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Background: In the current study, the authors determined whether adhering to molecular monitoring guidelines in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is associated with major molecular response (MMR) and assessed barriers to adherent monitoring.

Methods: Newly treated patients with CML from the Quebec province-wide CML registry from 2005 to 2016 were included. Timely polymerase chain reaction (tPCR) was defined as the molecular assessment of BCR-ABL1 at the 3-month, 12-month, and 18-month time points from the initiation of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy.

HIV exposed seronegative (HESN) compared to HIV infected individuals have higher frequencies of telomeric Killer Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) B motifs; Contribution of KIR B motif encoded genes to NK cell responsiveness.

Previously, we showed that Killer Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR)3DS1 homozygotes (hmz) are more frequent in HIV exposed seronegative (HESN) than in recently HIV infected (HIV+) individuals. KIR3DS1 encodes an activating Natural Killer (NK) cell receptor (NKR). The link between KIR genotype and HIV outcomes likely arises from the function that NK cells acquire through expression of particular NKRs.