Duration of Cochlear Microphonics in Click and Toneburst-Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response in Individuals With Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder and Normal Hearing.

The presence of ringing cochlear microphonics (CM) with an absence of auditory brainstem response (ABR) is an indicator of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). The duration of CM may vary based on the stimuli used to elicit the response. Generally, ABR is recorded using clicks with very limited use of tonebursts.

Bluish-white Light-emitting 2D Sheets of Lead-free Perovskite Cesium Titanium Bromide (CsTiBr) by a Two-stage Deposition Technique.

Bluish-white light-emitting materials are commonly used in LED lighting because they produce natural-looking light. Here we report the photoluminescent emission (PL) of novel, two-dimensional lead-free CsTiBr perovskite prepared via a two-stage deposition process. The formation of two-dimensional nanosheets of CsTiBr perovskite is confirmed by XRD, EDAX, and FESEM analysis.

Gracilis Flap Reconstruction After Proctocolectomy for Malignancy and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Gracilis flap reconstruction (GFR) following abdominoperineal resection (APR) or proctocolectomy (PC) can reduce pelvic wound complications but has not been adequately assessed in the setting of immunosuppression, fistulous disease, and neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

Methods: Patients undergoing APR/PC with GFR were retrospectively analyzed with regard to perioperative characteristics, and morbidity was assessed.

Results: Patients underwent GFR for rectal cancer ( = 28), anal cancer ( = 3), inflammatory bowel disease ( = 13), or benign fistulizing disease ( = 1).

Overexpression of RCAN1 isoform 4 in mouse neurons leads to a moderate behavioral impairment.

Objectives: Recent evidence supports the involvement of RCAN1 in Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. To better assess this, we generated and analyzed transgenic mice overexpressing human RCAN1 isoform 4 in neurons.

Methods: Cognitive behavioral (Morris water maze, open field, zero maze, elevated plus maze assays); cognitive-associated proteins (CREB, ERK and Tau Western immunoblotting); motor coordination (Rotarod assay); structural abnormalities (immunohistological analyses), and proinflammatory cytokines (cytometric bead assay) were measured in young (2 month) and old (18 month) transgenics and compared with wild type controls.

Degraded mitochondrial DNA is a newly identified subtype of the damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP) family and possible trigger of neurodegeneration.

We previously showed a preferential degradation and down-regulation of mitochondrial DNA and RNA in hamster fibroblasts in response to hydrogen peroxide. Subsequent studies by others demonstrated that mitochondrial DNA can stimulate immune cells as a DAMP (damage associated molecular patterns) family member. However, the actual physical structure of this mitochondrial DNA DAMP and its importance in non-immune cell types are poorly understood.

Modeling of ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 and inhibition mechanism of the natural ligand, ellagic acid, using molecular docking.

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder in which blood sugar (glucose) levels are abnormally high because the body does not produce enough insulin to meet its needs. Post-prandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) is an independent risk factor for the development of macro vascular complications. It is now recognized that normalizing post-prandial blood glucose is more difficult than normalizing fasting glucose.