The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Work Absence: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Workers.

Objectives: Compare SARS-CoV-2 infection and work absence rates between vaccinated and unvaccinated employees during a two-year pandemic period.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with 2,107 participants. Primary outcome: total days missed; main exposure: vaccination status.

Long-term clinical outcomes of arthroscopic supraspinatus tendon repair using the single anchor tension band technique - Minimum 5-years follow-up.

Background: The primary aim of this study was to assess the long-term patient reported outcomes of arthroscopic rotator cuff tear (ARCR) using a single anchor tension band (TB) technique for small and medium supraspinatus tears at minimum 5-years follow-up.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of consecutive ARCRs of small and medium supraspinatus tears using a knotless single anchor TB technique with minimum 5-year follow-up was carried out. Outcomes of interest included: range of motion (ROM) on examination under anaesthesia (EUA), visual analogue scale (VAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores, Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) and Short-Form (SF-12).

Traumatic posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation - Current aspects of management.

The posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation is a rare and potentially life-threatening injury, as massive haemorrhage can occur at the time of trauma, during reduction manoeuvres and drilling. These injuries are rare and a collective experience of managing them is of paramount importance. We present our multidisciplinary experience of managing several of these injuries in our centre, with learning points we have identified.

Type IV acromioclavicular joint dislocation associated with a mid-shaft clavicle malunion.

This reports presents the case of a combined clavicle fracture malunion and chronic Type IV acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation. The patient was seen acutely in the emergency department following a mountain bike accident at which time the clavicle fracture was identified and managed conservatively however the AC dislocation was not diagnosed. The patient presented 25 months following the injury with persistent pain and disability and was treated with clavicle osteotomy and AC stabilization.

Total elbow arthroplasty in obese patients.

Background: The prevalence of obesity in the United States has increased in recent decades. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of obesity in patients undergoing primary total elbow arthroplasty.

Methods: From 1987 to 2006, 723 primary semiconstrained, linked total elbow arthroplasties were performed in 654 patients.

Muscle activation patterns in patients with recurrent shoulder instability.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to present muscle patterns observed with the direction of instability in a series of patients presenting with recurrent shoulder instability.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was carried out on shoulder instability cases referred for fine wire dynamic electromyography (DEMG) studies at a specialist upper limb centre between 1981 and 2003. An experienced consultant clinical neurophysiologist performed dual needle insertion into four muscles (pectoralis major (PM), latissimus dorsi (LD), anterior deltoid (AD) and infraspinatus (IS)) in shoulders that were suspected to have increased or suppressed activation of muscles that could be contributing to the instability.

Validation of the Stanmore percentage of normal shoulder assessment.

Background And Purpose: The Stanmore Percentage of Normal Shoulder Assessment (SPONSA) is a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM). The score assesses pain, range of movement, strength, stability and function of the shoulder. The aim of this work was to formally validate the SPONSA.

Prospective blinded comparison of surface versus wire electromyographic analysis of muscle recruitment in shoulder instability.

Background: This pilot study assesses level of agreement between surface and fine-wire electromyography (EMG), in order to establish if surface is as reliable as fine wire in the diagnosis and treatment of abnormal muscle patterning in the shoulder.

Method: Eighteen participants (11 female) with unstable shoulders were recruited after written consent and ethical approval. Anthropometric information and mean skinfold size for triceps, subscapular, biceps and suprailiac sites were obtained.