HBV Remodels PP2A Complexes to Rewire Kinase Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections promote liver cancer initiation by inducing inflammation and cellular stress. Despite the primarily indirect effect on oncogenesis, HBV is associated with a recurrent genomic phenotype in HCC, suggesting that it impacts the biology of established HCC. Characterization of the interaction of HBV with host proteins and the mechanistic contributions of HBV to HCC initiation and maintenance could provide insights into HCC biology and uncover therapeutic vulnerabilities.

Differences in HIV burden and immune activation within the gut of HIV-positive patients receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy.

Background: The gut is a major reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). We hypothesized that distinct immune environments within the gut may support varying levels of HIV.

Methods: In 8 HIV-1-positive adults who were receiving ART and had CD4(+) T cell counts of >200 cells/μL and plasma viral loads of <40 copies/mL, levels of HIV and T cell activation were measured in blood samples and endoscopic biopsy specimens from the duodenum, ileum, ascending colon, and rectum.