Hemodynamics, survival and neurological function with early versus delayed automated head-up CPR in a porcine model of prolonged cardiac arrest.

Aim: To determine if controlled head and thorax elevation, active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and an impedance threshold device combined, termed automated head-up positioning CPR (AHUP-CPR), should be initiated early, as a basic (BLS) intervention, or later, as an advanced (ALS) intervention, in a severe porcine model of cardiac arrest.

Methods: Yorkshire pigs (n = 22) weighing ∼40 kg were anesthetized and ventilated. After 15 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation, pigs were randomized to AHUP-CPR for 25 minutes (BLS group) or conventional CPR for 10 minutes, followed by 15 minutes of AHUP-CPR (ALS group).

Caregiver goals and satisfaction for menstrual suppression in adolescent females with developmental disabilities: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Adolescents with developmental disabilities and their caregivers often seek menstrual management. Caregivers frequently serve as medical decision-makers, and little is known about caregiver goals for menstrual management and satisfaction over time.

Objective: Assess caregiver reasons for initiating menstrual management in adolescents with disabilities and satisfaction over 12 months.

Development and Use of an Induction of General Endotracheal Anesthesia Checklist Assessment for Medical Students in a Clinical Setting During Their Introductory Anesthesiology Clerkship.

Background: The American Association of Medical Colleges deemed performing lifesaving procedures, such as airway management, a necessary medical student competency for transitioning to residency. Anesthesiology clerkships provide the unique opportunity for medical students to practice these procedures in a safe and controlled environment. We aimed to develop a checklist that assesses medical students' ability to perform the main steps of a general anesthesia induction with endotracheal intubation in the clinical setting.

Pattern-based clustering of daily weigh-in trajectories using dynamic time warping.

"Smart"-scales are a new tool for frequent monitoring of weight change as well as weigh-in behavior. These scales give researchers the opportunity to discover patterns in the frequency that individuals weigh themselves over time, and how these patterns are associated with overall weight loss. Our motivating data come from an 18-month behavioral weight loss study of 55 adults classified as overweight or obese who were instructed to weigh themselves daily.

Surgeon, patient, and caregiver perspective of pediatric surgical telemedicine in the COVID-19 pandemic era.

Purpose: Adoption of telemedicine (TME) in surgical specialties, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, has previously been slow. The purpose of this prospective, observational, single institution study is to evaluate surgeon and caregiver perspectives of TMEs during the pandemic.

Methods: Surveys were distributed to surgical faculty regarding perceptions of TME early during the pandemic and 2 months later.

Tracheostomy Practices for Mechanically Ventilated Patients in Malawi.

Background: Tracheostomy is used for patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation. Extensive research has described the provision and optimal timing of tracheostomy, but very little describes tracheostomy utilization in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods: This prospective cohort study describes patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary hospital in Malawi who received tracheostomy versus those who did not, with a primary outcome of hospital mortality.

High expression of class III β-tubulin in small cell lung carcinoma.

Class III β-tubulin (TUBB3) is emerging as a biomarker in a number of cancers. TUBB3 has been shown to be a prognostic indicator of more aggressive disease and a predictor of resistance to taxanes and vinca alkaloids. To date, there is little data on TUBB3 expression in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC).