Colour and melanopsin mediated responses in the murine retina.

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) integrate melanopsin and rod/cone-mediated inputs to signal to the brain. Whilst originally identified as a cell type specialised for encoding ambient illumination, several lines of evidence indicate a strong association between colour discrimination and ipRGC-driven responses. Thus, cone-mediated colour opponent responses have been widely found across ipRGC target regions in the mouse brain and influence a key ipRGC-dependent function, circadian photoentrainment.

Septic trochanteric bursitis in an adolescent.

Trochanteric bursitis, whether septic or inflammatory in origin, is a condition that affects middle-aged patients. Here we report the rare case of an adolescent with septic trochanteric bursitis (treated successfully with intravenous antibiotics), review the available literature on septic bursitis, illustrate the importance of prompt recognition and treatment of this condition in any age group, and describe the clinical presentation and the radiologic findings.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma as an unexpected diagnosis after elective total knee arthroplasty.

Total knee arthroplasty is routinely performed for osteoarthritis of the knee joint. We report a case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma as an unexpected diagnosis after pathologic examination of unusual-looking femoral condyle bone block harvested during total knee arthroplasty in an asymptomatic patient.