The Video Manipulation Effect (VME): A quantification of the possible impact that the ordering of YouTube videos might have on opinions and voting preferences.

Recent research has identified a number of powerful new forms of influence that the internet and related technologies have made possible. Randomized, controlled experiments have shown, for example, that when results generated by search engines are presented to undecided voters, if those search results favor one political candidate over another, the opinions and voting preferences of those voters can shift dramatically-by up to 80% in some demographic groups. The present study employed a YouTube simulator to identify and quantify another powerful form of influence that the internet has made possible, which we have labeled the Video Manipulation Effect (VME).

Pure epidural extraosseous cavernous hemangioma with thoracic myelopathy: case report and review of literature.

Introduction: Pure epidural spinal cavernous hemangiomas are rare, benign vascular tumors that account for approximately 4% of all spinal epidural tumors. Due to their dumbbell shape and propensity for foraminal invasion, they are often misdiagnosed and inadequately treated. We present a case of a 58-year-old male with extra-osseous cavernous hemangioma to better aid in diagnosis and management of these lesions.

Synthetic interpolated DSA for radiation exposure reduction via gamma variate contrast flow modeling: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) yields high cumulative radiation dosages (RD) delivered to patients. We present a temporal interpolation of low frame rate angiograms as a method to reduce cumulative RDs.

Methods: Patients undergoing interventional evaluation and treatment of cerebrovascular vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage were retrospectively identified.

2-{1-[(6,)-3,5,5,6,8,8-Hexamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetra-hydro-naphthalen-2-yl]ethyl-idene}--methyl-hydrazinecarbo-thioamide.

The reaction between a racemic mixture of (,)-fixolide and 4-methyl-thio-semicarbazide in ethanol with a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio and catalysed with HCl, yielded the title compound, CHNS [common name: (,)-fixolide 4-methyl-thio-semicarbazone]. There is one crystallographically independent mol-ecule in the asymmetric unit, which is disordered over the aliphatic ring [site-occupancy ratio = 0.667 (13):0.

Adult neuromuscular choristoma, a rare peripheral nerve pathology: illustrative case.

Background: Neuromuscular choristomas (NMCs) are rare tumors involving aberrant intercalation of muscle fibers into peripheral nerves, most commonly the sciatic nerve. Although benign, these lesions risk developing into NMCs with desmoid-type fibrosis (NMC-DTFs), aggressive lesions potentially requiring amputation. Currently, information on NMCs and the link between NMCs and NMC-DTFs is limited in adults, with the majority of cases reported in children.

Computer Vision in Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture Risk Prediction: A Systematic Review.

Osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) are a significant health concern linked to increased morbidity, mortality, and diminished quality of life. Traditional OVF risk assessment tools like bone mineral density (BMD) only capture a fraction of the risk profile. Artificial intelligence, specifically computer vision, has revolutionized other fields of medicine through analysis of videos, histopathology slides and radiological scans.

Structured reflection increases intentions to reduce other people's health risks during COVID-19.

People believe they should consider how their behavior might negatively impact other people, Yet their behavior often increases others' health risks. This creates challenges for managing public health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined a procedure wherein people reflect on their personal criteria regarding how their behavior impacts others' health risks.

A computer vision approach to identifying the manufacturer of posterior thoracolumbar instrumentation systems.

Objective: Knowledge of the manufacturer of the previously implanted pedicle screw systems prior to revision spinal surgery may facilitate faster and safer surgery. Often, this information is unavailable because patients are referred by other centers or because of missing information in the patients' records. Recently, machine learning and computer vision have gained wider use in clinical applications.

Student remote and distance research in neuroanatomy: Mapping Dscaml1 expression with a LacZ gene trap in mouse brain.

Undergraduate student engagement in research increases retention and degree completion, especially for students who are underrepresented in science. Several approaches have been adopted to increase research opportunities including curriculum based undergraduate research opportunities (CUREs), in which research is embedded into course content. Here we report on efforts to tackle a different challenge: providing research opportunities to students engaged in remote learning or who are learning at satellite campuses or community colleges with limited research infrastructure.

S-100-negative, GNA11 mutation-positive intramedullary meningeal melanocytoma of the thoracic spine: A radiographic challenge and histologic anomaly.

Background: Intramedullary melanocytomas are exceedingly rare and their management is largely based on case reports and small clinical series. They have characteristic imaging and histologic findings that can aid in their diagnosis. Genetic testing may be required for definitive diagnosis and management guidance in ambiguous cases.

Synthesis of pyrazoline fatty chain derivatives and its effects on melanoma cells.

Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in Brazil, representing 30% of all cases. Among these, melanoma represents only 3% of malignant neoplasms; however, it is the most serious and has a high capacity for metastasis. For this reason, it is extremely important to identify more efficient compounds and treatments that stop or decrease the proliferation of melanoma, even in its more advanced stages.

Computational methods for visualizing and measuring verapamil efficacy for cerebral vasospasm.

Cerebral vasospasm is a dreaded sequelae of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), requiring timely intervention with therapeutic goals of improving brain perfusion. There are currently no standardized real-time, objective assessments of the interventional procedures performed to treat vasospasm. Here we describe real-time techniques to quantify cerebral perfusion during interventional cerebral angiography.

Dural Substitutes Differentially Interfere with Imaging Quality of Sonolucent Transcranioplasty Ultrasound Assessment in Benchtop Model.

Background: Sonolucent cranioplasty implants were recently introduced into clinical practice and tested for use with transcranioplasty ultrasound (TCUS). In situations where dural substitutes (DSs) are needed during closure, such as in extracranial-intracranial bypass, it is unclear if the DS influences the imaging quality of TCUS. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of DSs on imaging quality during TCUS assessment with sonolucent cranioplasty.

Safety, Feasibility, and Patient-Rated Outcome of Sonolucent Cranioplasty in Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass Surgery to Allow for Transcranioplasty Ultrasound Assessment.

Objective: We sought to analyze the safety and feasibility of elective sonolucent cranioplasty in the setting of extracranial-to-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery to monitor bypass patency using ultrasound.

Methods: Patients who underwent direct EC-IC bypass surgery agreed to sonolucent cranioplasty at the time of surgery and received a sonolucent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) implant. Besides monitoring clinical outcome, all patients received transcranioplasty ultrasound (TCUS) on postoperative day 1 and at last follow-up.

Infantile idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the setting of recent laminectomy and filum lysis for tethered cord syndrome: a case report and literature review.

We present an 8-month old male status post simple tethered cord release with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Pediatric nonoperative skull fractures: delayed complications and factors associated with clinic and imaging utilization.

Objective: Skull fractures represent a common source of morbidity in the pediatric trauma population. This study characterizes the type of follow-up that these patients receive and discusses predictive factors for follow-up.

Methods: The authors reviewed cases of nonoperative pediatric skull fractures at a single academic hospital between 2007 and 2017.

Synthesis of diverse N-acyl-pyrazoles via cyclocondensation of hydrazides with α-oxeketene dithioacetal.

An elegant, efficient, and highly regioselective approach for the synthesis of novel methyl 5-amino-3-(methylthio)-1-differently substituted-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylates is reported. The procedure involves the cyclocondensation of α-oxeketene S, S-dimethyl acetal building blocks with different alkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic acid hydrazides. The novel molecules were obtained in good yields and their identities confirmed by NMR and HRMS spectrometry.

Site-Selective Aliphatic C-H Chlorination Using N-Chloroamides Enables a Synthesis of Chlorolissoclimide.

Methods for the practical, intermolecular functionalization of aliphatic C-H bonds remain a paramount goal of organic synthesis. Free radical alkane chlorination is an important industrial process for the production of small molecule chloroalkanes from simple hydrocarbons, yet applications to fine chemical synthesis are rare. Herein, we report a site-selective chlorination of aliphatic C-H bonds using readily available N-chloroamides and apply this transformation to a synthesis of chlorolissoclimide, a potently cytotoxic labdane diterpenoid.

Physico-chemical characterization of asolectin-genistein liposomal system: An approach to analyze its in vitro antioxidant potential and effect in glioma cells viability.

In this study, the interaction between soy isoflavone genistein and asolectin liposomes was investigated by monitoring the effects of isoflavone on lipidic hydration, mobility, location and order. These properties were analyzed by the following techniques: horizontal attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (HATR-FTIR), low-field (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-field (31)P NMR, zeta potential, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The antioxidant and antitumoral activities of the genistein liposomal system were also studied.

2-[5-(2-Methyl-phen-yl)-3-(2-methyl-styryl)-4,5-di-hydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-6-(thio-phen-2-yl)-4-(tri-fluoro-meth-yl)pyrimidine chloro-form monosolvate.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C28H23F3N4S·CHCl3, the chloro-form solvate mol-ecules connect the pyrimidine mol-ecules into chains along [101] through weak C-H⋯N and C-H⋯Cl hydrogen-bond inter-actions. There are further connections between adjacent chains through F⋯Cl halogen contacts of 3.185 (3) Å, with the -CF3 group presenting a significant short F⋯F inter-chain distance of 2.

Anti-Candida, anti-enzyme activity and cytotoxicity of 3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboximidamides.

Because of the need for more effective and less harmful antifungal therapies, and interest in the synthesis of new carboximidamides, the goal of this study was to determine the antifungal and anti-enzyme activities of some new pyrazole carboximidamides and their cytotoxicity. For this purpose, tests were performed to evaluate: minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC); production of proteinases and phospholipase, and cytotoxicity of the extracts. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey Tests (α = 5%).

(S,Z)-3-Phenyl-2-[(1,1,1-tri-chloro-7-meth-oxy-2,7-dioxohept-3-en-4-yl)amino]-propanoic acid monohydrate.

In the title compound, C17H18Cl3NO5·H2O, intra-molecular N-H⋯O and C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds form S(6) and S(5) ring motifs, respectively. The chiral organic mol-ecule is connected to the solvent water mol-ecule by a short O-H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal, a weak C-H⋯Cl inter-action connects the organic mol-ecules along [100] while the water mol-ecules act as bridges between the organic mol-ecules in both the [100] and [010] directions, generating layers parallel to the ab plane.

Ultrasound assisted efficient conversion of aromatic aldehydes from oximes.

This work describes the ultrasound-assisted regeneration of aldehydes from oximes in ethanol and phosphoric acid as mediator of the reaction. The large scale regeneration of benzaldehyde was shown under similar conditions. The products were isolated in good yields after short reaction times under mild conditions.