On the concentration dependence of sound attenuation in aqueous suspensions of silt- and sand-sized sediment: A compilation and analysis of the available data.

The available measurements of the acoustic attenuation coefficient, α, in aqueous suspensions of glass beads and sand are investigated for 10 View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Underwater noise from submarine turbidity currents.

Noise from turbidity currents flowing down the face of a fjord delta was measured underwater at frequencies from 1 to 1200 kHz. The noise spectra are consistent with sound generation by collisions among sand-sized particles. The spectra from the leading head extend to higher frequencies than those from the trailing body, indicating that collisions were between finer-grained particles in the head and coarser-grained particles in the body.

On acoustic reflection from sand-sized water-saturated granular media at MHz frequencies: Measurements, models and the role of speckle.

Acoustic reflection coefficients are reported for water-saturated granular media at frequencies from 1.2 to 2.0 MHz using a narrow-beam broadband transducer in a monostatic geometry at near-normal incidence.

Phase speed in water-saturated sand and glass beads at MHz frequencies.

Measurements of the phase velocity of compressional sound waves in water-saturated granular materials are reported for the 1.0-2.0 MHz frequency range.

Attenuation and group speed in water-saturated granular materials at MHz frequencies.

Attenuation and group speed measurements are reported for water-saturated granular materials (natural sand and glass beads) at frequencies of 1.0 to 1.8 MHz.

Short-pulse method for acoustic backscatter amplitude calibration at MHz frequencies.

The short-pulse acoustic backscatter amplitude calibration technique of Dragonette, Numrich, and Frank [(1981), J. Acoust. Soc.

Measuring two-phase particle flux with a multi-frequency acoustic Doppler profiler.

A methodology is developed and tested for simultaneously extracting time-resolved one-dimensional profiles of the mass-concentration and velocity of two different particle types in a mixed suspension, using a multi-frequency pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler instrument. The technique involves inversion of a model for frequency-dependent acoustic backscatter amplitude and phase. Results are presented from a laboratory settling column experiment, measuring a mixture of polystyrene beads (slowly-settling, strongly-scattering) and glass beads (quickly-settling, weakly-scattering) in a vertical pipe section.

Angular scattering of sound from solid particles in turbulent suspension.

Sound scattering by solid particles suspended in a turbulent jet is investigated. Measurements of the scattered amplitude were made in a bistatic geometry at frequencies between 1.5 and 4.