The 10-year decreasing trend of youth soccer head injuries and concussions presenting to U.S. emergency departments.

Objectives: Nearly 3 million children participate in youth soccer annually in the United States. Popularity of youth soccer within recent years has prompted investigation describing youth-soccer concussion trends presenting to United States emergency departments (EDs).

Methods: Data from National Electronic Injury Surveillance System were analyzed for soccer players 2-18 years old sustaining concussions from January 2013 to December 2022.

Itch E3 ubiquitin ligase regulates large tumor suppressor 1 stability [corrected].

The large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1) is a serine/threonine kinase and tumor suppressor found down-regulated in a broad spectrum of human cancers. LATS1 is a central player of the emerging Hippo-LATS suppressor pathway, which plays important roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and stem cell differentiation. Despite the ample data supporting a role for LATS1 in tumor suppression, how LATS1 is regulated at the molecular level remains largely unknown.

Tumor suppressor LATS1 is a negative regulator of oncogene YAP.

LATS (large tumor suppressor) or warts is a Ser/Thr kinase that belongs to the Ndr/LATS subfamily of AGC (protein kinase A/PKG/PKC) kinases. It is a tumor suppressor gene originally isolated from Drosophila and recently isolated from mice and humans. Drosophila or mice mutant for LATS develop tumors in various tissues.