Hemodynamic early goal-directed therapy: Explaining the fine print.

The management of patients after cardiothoracic surgery can be very complex. Variabilities exist in hemodynamic status after cardiac surgery and the use of cardiopulmonary bypass - all of which can have a significant impact on myocardial Frank-Starling curves. Typically, invasive monitoring with pulmonary artery catheters is used to assess the complex physiology that these patients experience in the perioperative setting.

Advanced Practice Provider Critical Care Boot Camp: A Simulation-Based Curriculum.

The demand for advanced practice providers (APPs) is increasing across the United States to meet necessary provider staffing requirements including in intensive care settings. Currently, participation in formal postgraduate training programs, or residencies, for APPs is not required for clinical practice, such that most of the APPs immediately enter into the workforce following completion of their initial graduate-level training. Consequently, this results in a supervised training period until APPs develop the necessary competencies to practice more autonomously.