A biomedical perspective of pyocyanin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa: its applications and challenges.

Pyocyanin is a bioactive pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is an important virulence factor that plays a critical role in P. aeruginosa infections as a redox-active secondary metabolite and a quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecule.

Probiotics and Paraprobiotics: Effects on Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Their Consequent Potential in Neuropsychiatric Therapy.

Neuropsychiatric disorders are clinical conditions that affect cognitive function and emotional stability, often resulting from damage or disease in the central nervous system (CNS). These disorders are a worldwide concern, impacting approximately 12.5% of the global population.

Evaluation of physicochemical properties of citric acid crosslinked starch elastomers reinforced with silicon dioxide.

Thermoplastic starch (TPS), derived from renewable resources, offers advantages such as biodegradability and lower production costs compared to petroleum-based plastics. However, its limited mechanical properties pose a challenge for broader applications. This research aims to explore the potential of enhancing the mechanical and barrier properties of TPS films through the incorporation of silicon dioxide as a reinforcement filler and citric acid as a crosslinking agent.

Characteristics of microbial drug resistance and its correlates in chronic diabetic foot ulcer infections.

While virulence factors and the biofilm-forming capabilities of microbes are the key regulators of the wound healing process, the host immune response may also contribute in the events following wound closure or exacerbation of non-closure. We examined samples from diabetic and non-diabetic foot ulcers/wounds for microbial association and tested the microbes for their antibiotic susceptibility and ability to produce biofilms. A total of 1074 bacterial strains were obtained with staphylococci, Pseudomonas, Citrobacter and enterococci as major colonizers in diabetic samples.

High glucose modulates IL-6 mediated immune homeostasis through impeding neutrophil extracellular trap formation.

Neutrophils serve as an active constituent of innate immunity and are endowed with distinct ability for producing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to eliminate pathogens. Earlier studies have demonstrated a dysfunction of the innate immune system in diabetic subjects leading to increased susceptibility to infections; however, the influence of hyperglycemic conditions on NETs is unknown. In the present study we demonstrate that (a) NETs are influenced by glucose homeostasis, (b) IL-6 is a potent inducer of energy dependent NET formation and (c) hyperglycemia mimics a state of constitutively active pro-inflammatory condition in neutrophils leading to reduced response to external stimuli making diabetic subjects susceptible to infections.