Assessment of Pain, Anxiety, and Cortisol Levels During the Initial Aligning Phase of Fixed Orthodontic Treatment.

Objective: We assessed pain and anxiety using psychological testing instruments (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, visual analog scale) and a physiological testing instrument (salivary cortisol hormone level) after the insertion of orthodontic appliances and during the initial alignment phase of orthodontic treatment.

Methods: The study group involved two groups matched according to age and gender. Group 1 used 0.

Evaluation of interleukin-1β level and oxidative status in gingival crevicular fluid during rapid maxillary expansion.

Objectives: The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were determined during rapid maxillary expansion (RME) treatment.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen patients (10-13 years old) were included. A modified hyrax appliance was used for the treatment.

Evaluation of facial soft tissue parameters for Palestinians using Holdaway analysis.

Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate soft-tissue measurements for a Palestinian sample population with normal occlusion by Holdaway's analysis, and to check the applicability of Holdaway values to the Palestinian population. Normal Holdaway values for Palestinians will be established if their parameters do not match those of Holdaway.

Material And Methods: Cephalometric radiographs of 93 Palestinian university students with normal occlusion (63 women, mean age: 20.

Buccal ectopia of maxillary canines with no crowding.

Introduction: Buccally displaced canines (BDC) are usually found in crowded dentitions. Nevertheless, a small but significant number of patients with BDC have no crowding. In this study, we compared BDC dentitions with no crowding (BDC-nc), BDC dentitions with crowding (BDC-c), and uncrowded dentitions with normally erupted canines (C).

Short-term effect of mastic gum on salivary concentrations of cariogenic bacteria in orthodontic patients.

Objective: To determine antibacterial activity of chewing mastic gum against the salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans, the total number of viable bacteria, and lactobacilli in patients undergoing therapy with fixed orthodontic appliances.

Materials And Methods: In this study, the levels of S mutans, lactobacilli, and total cultivated bacteria were measured before and after chewing mastic gum. The antibacterial effects of chewing mastic gum against these microorganisms in saliva were compared with a placebo gum.

In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial effects of mastic chewing gum against Streptococcus mutans and mutans streptococci.

Background And Objective: Dental caries is associated with oral pathogens and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is one of the primary cariogenic organisms. Mastic gum, from Pistacia lentiscus, has been shown to have antibacterial properties.