Environmentally Friendly Photothermal Membranes for Halite Recovery from Reverse Osmosis Brine via Solar-Driven Membrane Crystallization.

Modern society and industrial development rely heavily on the availability of freshwater and minerals. Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) has been widely adopted for freshwater supply, although many questions have arisen about its environmental sustainability owing to the disposal of hypersaline rejected solutions (brine). This scenario has accelerated significant developments towards the hybridization of SWRO with membrane distillation-crystallization (MD-MCr), which can extract water and minerals from spent brine.

Methylene blue adsorption on thermo plasma expanded graphite in a multilayer column system.

The removal of dyes from wastewater is an important topic in environmental applications. Methylene blue (MB) is one of the most worrisome compounds, as it is widespread and used in many industrial activities. Adsorption represents an effective technique for the removal of this contaminant.

Hexavalent chromium reduction by zero-valent magnesium particles in column systems.

The discharge of hexavalent chromium in aquatic environments represents an issue of great concern. The chemical reduction of Cr to Cr, which is less mobile and harmful, is a suitable approach for chromium removal. In this regard, in comparison to other reactive metals, the use of zero-valent magnesium (ZVM) has several advantages.

Removal of Cr(VI) from Water Using a New Reactive Material: Magnesium Oxide Supported Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron.

The chromium pollution of water is an important environmental and health issue. Cr(VI) removal by means of metallic iron is an attractive method. Specifically, nanoscopic zero valent iron (NZVI) shows great reactivity, however, its applicability needs to be further investigated.

An experimental model of COD abatement in MBBR based on biofilm growth dynamic and on substrates' removal kinetics.

In this study, the performance of a lab-scale Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) under different operating conditions was analysed. Moreover, the dependence of the reaction rates both from the concentration and biodegradability of substrates and from the biofilm surface density, by means of several batch kinetic tests, was investigated. The reactor controls exhibited an increasing COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) removal, reaching maximum yields (close to 90%) for influent loadings of up to12.

Assessment of fertilizer potential of the struvite produced from the treatment of methanogenic landfill leachate using low-cost reagents.

Leachates generated in methanogenic landfills contain high strength of ammonium nitrogen which removal is hard to be accomplished by means of conventional techniques. The chemical precipitation of struvite, which is a mineral that could be reused as a slow-release fertilizer, is an effective process in the removal and recovery of NH4 amount of high-concentrated wastewaters. In this paper, a struvite precipitation process using unconventional reagents is proposed for a sustainable recovery of nitrogen content.

Experimental formulation of a kinetic model describing the nitrification process in biological aerated filters filled with plastic elements.

The present work reports the results of a series of experimental tests performed on cylindrically shaped biological aerated filters (BAFs) to define a new model for reactors design. The nitrification performance was analysed by monitoring a laboratory pilot plant over a six-month period; the dependence of the nitrification rate from the biomass surface density, from ammonia nitrogen concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration was determined using kinetic batch tests. The controls performed on the pilot plant exhibited a nitrification efficiency of approximately 98% at loadings up to [Formula: see text].

Chemical pretreatment of olive oil mill wastewater using a metal-organic framework catalyst.

Olive oil mill wastewaters (OOMW) are not suited for direct biological treatment because of their nonbiodegradable and phytotoxic compound (such as polyphenols) content. Advanced technologies for treatment of OOMW consider mainly the use of solid catalysts in processes that can be operated at room conditions. A system based on combined actions of catalytic oxidations and microbial technologies was studied.