Wear performance of inverted non-conforming bearings in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Glenoid component failures still represent the most common complication in total shoulder arthroplasty. These failures depend on several factors, including ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear. One reason for UHMWPE wear in total shoulder arthroplasty may be the current use of a spherical prosthetic humeral head against a radially mismatched UHMWPE glenoid component, which leads to reduced glenohumeral translations, glenoid edge loading and high translational forces during shoulder motions.

Bilateral Total Hip Replacement in Dwarfism With a Custom Laser-Printed Trabecular Acetabular Shell.

Total hip arthroplasty in cases of dwarfism may be a demanding procedure, as the small-sized joints are difficult to replace with standard prostheses, even more so in the presence of dysplastic hips. The authors report a case of bilateral customized total hip arthroplasty performed in a young patient with proportionated dwarfism with bilateral hip dysplasia. To ensure sufficient stabilization of the cup, roof bone grafting was performed.

Patient-specific biomechanical model of hypoplastic left heart to predict post-operative cardio-circulatory behaviour.

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a complex congenital heart disease characterised by the underdevelopment of the left ventricle normally treated with a three-stage surgical repair. In this study, a multiscale closed-loop cardio-circulatory model is created to reproduce the pre-operative condition of a patient suffering from such pathology and virtual surgery is performed. Firstly, cardio-circulatory parameters are estimated using a fully closed-loop cardio-circulatory lumped parameter model.

A multiscale model for the study of cardiac biomechanics in single-ventricle surgeries: a clinical case.

Complex congenital heart disease characterized by the underdevelopment of one ventricular chamber (single ventricle (SV) circulation) is normally treated with a three-stage surgical repair. This study aims at developing a multiscale computational framework able to couple a patient-specific three-dimensional finite-element model of the SV to a patient-specific lumped parameter (LP) model of the whole circulation, in a closed-loop fashion. A sequential approach was carried out: (i) cardiocirculatory parameters were estimated by using a fully LP model; (ii) ventricular material parameters and unloaded geometry were identified by means of the stand-alone, three-dimensional model of the SV; and (iii) the three-dimensional model of SV was coupled to the LP model of the circulation, thus closing the loop and creating a multiscale model.

Fatigue behaviour of Nitinol peripheral stents: the role of plaque shape studied with computational structural analyses.

Fatigue resistance of Nitinol stents implanted into femoro-popliteal arteries is a critical issue for the particular biomechanical environment of this district. Hip and knee joint movements due to the cyclic daily activity expose the superficial femoral artery (SFA), and therefore the implanted stents, to quite large and cyclic deformations influencing stent fatigue resistance. Objective of this work is to provide a tool based on finite element analysis able to evaluate the biomechanical effect of SFA on stent fatigue resistance.