Intraoperative Three-Dimensional Transvaginal Ultrasound for Hysteroscopic Metroplasty: a Controlled Study.

This study aims to evaluate the role of intraoperative transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) during hysteroscopic metroplasty. This is a prospective cohort of consecutive patients with septate uterus undergoing hysteroscopic metroplasty with intraoperative transvaginal 3DUS guidance compared to a historical control group of patients undergoing hysteroscopic metroplasty without 3DUS. We conducted our research in a tertiary care university hospital in Rome, Italy.

Infiltrating T lymphocytes and programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 expression in endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer.

Objective: To characterize T lymphocyte infiltration and programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in early-stage endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC), ovarian endometriosis (OE), atypical endometriosis (AE), and deep endometriosis (DE).

Design: Case-control, retrospective study.

Setting: Research University Hospital.

Chemotherapy resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer: Mechanisms and emerging treatments.

Ovarian cancer (OC) remains a fatal malignancy because most patients experience recurrent disease, which is resistant to chemotherapy. The outcomes for patients with platinum-resistant OC are poor, response rates to further chemotherapy are low and median survival is lower than 12 months. The complexity of platinum-resistant OC, which comprises a heterogeneous spectrum of diseases, is indeed far from being completely understood.

Ovarian Reserve after Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Unlabelled: : Worldwide, breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in the female population. In recent years, its diagnosis in young women has increased, together with a growing desire to become pregnant later in life. Although there is evidence about the detrimental effect of chemotherapy (CT) on the menses cycle, a practical tool to measure ovarian reserve is still missing.

Techniques for sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer.

Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is the standard of care in women with breast cancer (BC) and clinically nonsuspicious axillary lymph nodes (LNs), due to its high negative predictive value (NPV) in the assessment of nodal status. SNB has significantly reduced complications related to the axillary lymph node dissection, such as lymphedema and upper limb dysfunction. The gold standard technique for SNB is the blue dye (BD) and technetium labelled nanocolloid (Tc-99m) double technique.

New developments in rare vulvar and vaginal cancers.

Purpose Of Review: To provide the latest insight on the rare vulvar and vaginal malignancies, able to impact on clinical practice, and to outline new potential research developments.

Recent Findings: Many efforts are being made to produce technical and scientific advances in the fields of vulvar and vaginal carcinoma, including imaging work-up, interventional procedures and minimally invasive surgical approach, as well as molecular profiling and identification of new target treatments.

Summary: In the evaluation of lymph node status, ultrasound has demonstrated promising results because of high predictive value, low risk and low cost.

Heterogeneity Among Poor Ovarian Responders According to Bologna Criteria Results in Diverging Cumulative Live Birth Rates.

Does reproductive outcome differ among the various subgroups of poor ovarian responders according to the Bologna criteria? This was a retrospective, cohort study including poor ovarian responders according to Bologna criteria, undergoing an ICSI cycle from January 2011 until December 2017. Patients were divided into four groups: (1) age ≥ 40 years and abnormal ovarian response test, (2) age ≥ 40 years, abnormal ovarian reserve test and one previous poor response to stimulation, (3) age ≥ 40 years and one previous poor response, (4) abnormal ovarian reserve test and one previous poor response. Overall, 846 cycles in 706 Bologna poor ovarian responders were included: 310 cycles in group 1, 169 in group 2, 52 in group 3, and 315 in group 4.

Cumulative Live Birth Rates Following Stimulation With Corifollitropin Alfa Compared With hp-hMG in a GnRH Antagonist Protocol in Poor Ovarian Responders.

Bologna criteria poor ovarian responders have a very low prognosis. Although, it has been proposed that LH supplementation could be beneficial in women with previous hypo-response to FSH. There are no studies comparing the cumulative live birth rates (LBRs) between corifollitropin alfa (CFA) and highly purified human menopausal gonadotrophin (hp-hMG).

Pituitary suppression protocol among Bologna poor responders undergoing ovarian stimulation using corifollitropin alfa: does it play any role?

Research Question: Does the type of pituitary suppression protocol influence cumulative live birth rate (LBR) in Bologna poor responders treated with corifollitropin alfa (CFA)?

Design: Retrospective cohort analysis including poor responder patients fulfilling the Bologna criteria who underwent their first intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle using a CFA-based ovarian stimulation protocol between 2011 and 2017. The starting dose of CFA was 150 µg. The primary outcome was cumulative LBR, defined as the first delivery of a live born resulting from the fresh and all the subsequent frozen embryo transfers.

First-line treatment of women with advanced ovarian cancer: focus on bevacizumab.

Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer death in women in Europe. Despite the progress, almost 70% of the patients relapse. The standard treatment is cytoreductive surgery followed by platinumtaxane chemotherapy; in patients with a disseminated disease, one option is neoadjuvant chemotherapy with delayed surgery (ie, interval debulking surgery).

The Effect of Dose Adjustments in a Subsequent Cycle of Women With Suboptimal Response Following Conventional Ovarian Stimulation.

Several infertile patients, who may even represent around 40% of the infertile cohort, may respond "suboptimally" (4-9 oocytes retrieved) following IVF, despite being predicted as normal responders. The aim of our longitudinal study was to evaluate the ovarian response of suboptimal responders in terms of the number of oocytes retrieved, following their second IVF cycle, evaluating exclusively patients who had the same stimulation protocol and used the same or higher initial dose of the same type of gonadotropin compared to their previous failed IVF attempt. Overall, our analysis included 160 patients treated with a fixed antagonist protocol in their second cycle with the same [53 (33.

Combined Plasma Fibrinogen and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Ovarian Cancer Prognosis May Play a Role?

Objectives: In ovarian cancer (OC), approximately 70% will relapse within 12 months from diagnosis; inflammation plays an important role in cancer initiating and progression; thus, a combination of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and fibrinogen (F-NLR) has been proposed as prognostic marker in several tumors. The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between NLR, fibrinogen, and F-NLR and survival in OC population.

Methods: Patients with diagnosis of OC admitted to our institute between 2011 and 2016 were included.

Short-Infusion Trabectedin in Heavily Pretreated Ovarian Cancer Patients: A Single-Institution Experience.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of trabectedin given every 10 days as a single agent in recurrent ovarian cancer after 3 prior regimens.

Method: Trabectedin 0.6 mg/m2 was administered as a 3-h infusion every 10 days on a 21-day cycle.

Survival Nomograms after Curative Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radical Surgery for Stage IB2-IIIB Cervical Cancer.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop nomograms for predicting the probability of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in locally advanced cervical cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical surgery.

Materials And Methods: Nomograms to predict the 5-year OS rates and the 2-year PFS rates were constructed. Calibration plots were constructed, and concordance indices were calculated.

Overcoming platinum resistance in ovarian cancer treatment: from clinical practice to emerging chemical therapies.

The objective of this review is to summarize results from clinical trials that tested cytotoxic drugs and target strategies for the treatment of platinum resistant (PR) recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC) with particular attention to Phase III and ongoing trials. Areas covered: Since platinum free interval (PFI) represents the most important predictive factor for response to platinum re-treatment in ROC, non-platinum regimens are conventionally considered the most appropriate approaches. Impressive progress has been made in recent decades, resulting in the identification of most effective cytotoxic agents and in the development of new target strategies.

Bevacizumab in Ovarian Cancer: State of the Art and Unanswered Questions.

Ovarian cancer is a most lethal gynecologic tumor. The mainstay treatment is cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. However, a high percentage of patients recur, thus needing multiple treatments with a frequently poor prognosis.