Incidence and predictors of clinical failure after early treatment for mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in high-risk individuals: A multicentric cohort study.

Objectives: To estimate the risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization and death (CovH/D), among high-risk individuals early treated for COVID-19 and to identify associated factors.

Methods And Results: A multicenter cohort of 12,475 high-risk outpatients (female 50.2%, median age 70 years [IQR 57-80], fully vaccinated 79.

Psychoeducational and Behavioral Interventions in Autism Spectrum Disorder: is the ABA Method Really the Most Effective?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in communication, social interactions, and repetitive behaviors. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a prominent intervention aimed at modifying problem behaviors in individuals with ASD. ABA focuses on analyzing environmental contingencies and using operant conditioning to promote functional behaviors.

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of modified vaccinia Ankara pre-exposure vaccination against mpox according to previous smallpox vaccine exposure and HIV infection: prospective cohort study.

Background: Pre-exposure vaccination with MVA-BN has been widely used against mpox to contain the 2022 outbreak. Many countries have defined prioritized strategies, administering a single dose to those historically vaccinated for smallpox, to achieve quickly adequate coverage in front of low supplies. Using epidemiological models, real-life effectiveness was estimated at approximately 36%-86%, but no clinical trials were performed.

The Self-Representation of "Being Disabled": Media Images as the Most Pervasive (Re)Producer of the Values of Society's Culture.

We examine the role of media and new technologies in the representation and experience of disability. The text argues that media influence our cultural assumptions about disability while at the same time reflecting and shaping reality. The text analyses the opportunities and challenges that new technologies offer to people with disabilities, such as empowerment, self-expression, and social connection, but also exclusion, confrontation, shame, and falsification of identity.

Pain Assessment in People with Intellectual Disability: Improving Skills of Health and Educational Personnel at Istituto Serafico of Assisi, Italy.

Background: Assessment of pain in people with intellectual disability (PWID) is a difficult clinical task. Poor knowledge and confidence in assessing pain in PWID result in underestimation and undertreatment. Available resources for healthcare personnel and caregivers on pain assessment in PWID are still very limited.

How much do children with disabilities participate in Clinical Trials? A Scoping review.

Background: Children with disabilities (CWDs) are often excluded from scientific research, but no precise data are available on their participation in Clinical Trials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rates of exclusion of CWDs from recent medical research.

Subjects And Methods: The protocol of the study was designed according to Prisma-ScR guidelines.

'Being disabled' as an exclusion criterion for clinical trials: a scoping review.

Background: People with disabilities (PWDs) are often excluded from biomedical research, but comprehensive data regarding their participation in clinical trials are not available. The objective of this study was to assess the rates of exclusion of PWDs from recent medical scientific research.

Methods: The protocol of the study was designed according to PRISMA-ScR (PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines.

Beyond an Intangible Fear: Behavioral Neuroscience for Understanding and Correctly Modulating Anxiety in Complex Diagnoses.

In order to ensure that even the patient with a complex diagnosis can receive deep and caring care on, for example, the issue of anxiety, it is necessary to turn to a branch that can give tangible evidence of what is happening to the person in a bio-psycho-social optics, a concept that many people talk about but in the end few can really apply. The following article will propose the method of behavioural neuroscience.

Anxiety Disorders in People with Intellectual Disabilities: the Best Treatment for Properly Modulate Activities of Daily Living.

The article explores the correlation between intellectual disability and anxiety and how much they occur together. People with intellectual disability have comorbidity disorders of all types 3 to 4 times higher than the general population and the anxiety, can create difficulties in the context of social inclusion caused by insecurity and worries felt from who is affected by this pathology.

Assessment of math anxiety as a potential tool to identify students at risk of poor acquisition of new math skills: longitudinal study of grade 9 Italian students.

Introduction: Numerous international educational institutions have sounded the alarm about the gradual increase in the number of students failing to achieve a sufficient level of proficiency in mathematical abilities. Thus, the growing interest in identifying possible solutions and factors interfering with learning seems justified. In recent years, special attention has accrued to the possible role played by emotional factors.

Neutralizing activity and T-cell response after bivalent fifth dose of messenger RNA vaccine in people living with HIV.

Objectives: To investigate immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine third booster dose (3BD; fifth dose) with bivalent vaccine original/BA4/5 vaccine in people living with HIV (PLWH).

Methods: This is an observational cohort study to evaluate the outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (HIV-VAC study). We analyzed microneutralization assay and interferon-γ production in 48 PLWH on antiretroviral therapy with clusters of differentiation (CD4) count <200 cell/mm and/or previous AIDS according to immunization status: vaccinated PLWH who had a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection (hybrid immunization, HI) vs those only vaccinated (non-hybrid immunization, nHI) and current CD4 count.

Mood Disorders in People with Intellectual Disabilities: Diagnosis and Treatment.

Discriminating mood disorders from symptoms of intellectual disability is still a challenge for clinicians. We need standardized tools to apply right diagnoses without confusing signs and symptoms and specially to standardize psychological techniques to treat mood disorders without the use of drugs even in people with intellectual disability.

Male recognition bias in sex assignment based on visual stimuli.

According to previous ethnomethodological and cognitive studies on sex assignment, if a figure has male sexual characteristics people are more likely to think it is a man than they think it is a woman when the figure has female sexual characteristics. This bias in favor of male attribution is strongly reinforced when a penis is apparent in human nude pictures. In our contribution, we reported findings of three experiments aimed at replicating previous studies by administering the Sex/Gender Attribution Test for Adult (SGAT-A) created by digitally morphing the bodies of one human male and one human female model into realistic pictures.

The sexual experience of Italian adults during the COVID-19 lockdown.

From March 11 to April 26, 2020, the Italian government imposed a nationwide COVID-19 lockdown, a quarantine that resulted in significant restrictions on the movement and social contacts of the population, with a view to limiting the pandemic outbreak. The quarantine forced people to experience distorted social distance in two contrasting ways. For some people, it resulted in social distancing and isolation, for example by separating noncohabiting couples into different dwellings.

Learning and Participation of People with Multiple Disabilities through Rite and Rhythm: Description of the Catechetical and Liturgical Experience of the Serafico Institute of Assisi.

Through the description of the catechetical and liturgical experience of persons with multiple disabilities at the Serafico Institute of Assisi, we intend to initiate a discussion on the specific value that Rite and Rhythm have for learning and social participation of persons with severe physical, Psychic and sensory disabilities, from an integral educational and rehabilitative prospective. In summary, our attempt is to focus on elements such as the enhancement of non-verbal language within the Eucharistic liturgy, the ritual (in its characteristic of repetition) as an opportunity for learning, rhythm as an opportunity for spatial-temporal and social-relational movement.

The "Unaware Wounded Healer": How Affective and Social Relationships with Persons with Disabilities Can "Heal" the Healthcare Professionals that Work on Them.

We know that every therapist becomes a "wounded healer" the moment he goes through his own personal therapy journey and is able to activate his own recovery process. Beyond all the techniques that the therapist can use to "heal" a patient, one's own personal life path also significantly and unconsciously influences the healing process. The question I ask is therefore the following, why can't a person who has in some way a "woundness", and who has activated without therapy a process of recovery (e.

Intellectual Disability and Psychiatric Disorders as Exclusion Criteria in Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT).

People with intellectual disability or psychiatric disorders are commonly excluded from Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) because of explicit exclusion to the trials or because of inaccessible research protocols. We analyzed the exclusion rate of persons with cognitive impairment, psychiatric disorders and inability to give informed consent in interventional RCTs about the first 10 causes of global DALYs (disability- adjusted life-years) according to the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) utilizing the website Clinicaltrials.gov.

The Right to Pleasure of People with Spinal Cord Injury and Their Partners.

People with spinal cord injury (SCI) must battle cultural and personal attitudes and stereotypes that reduce sexuality to genitalia's physiological functions. These psychological and social restrictions stem from cultural and models of disability that emphasize phallocentric primacy and the sexual appeal of beautiful bodies when it comes to sexual pleasure. In this paper, we look at the attitudes and stereotypes, conveyed by the medical model of disability, which are based on two widespread and interconnected beliefs (myths): bodily perfection and asexuality.

Sex/Gender Attribution: When the Penis Makes the Difference.

The present study aimed to replicate Kessler and McKenna's (1978) ethnomethodological study that investigated how an individual attributes gender to a person. By administering figures depicted on overlays (Overlay Study), Kessler and McKenna found that the penis more than the vulva and the male sexual characteristics more than the female ones were significantly more salient in the gender attribution process. From all this, their adage is: "See someone as female only when you cannot see them as male.

Affective Disorders in Complex Disabilities: Strategies Empowerment for Improving the Lifestyle of the Disabled Person.

The concept of physical and intellectual disability has experienced a series of changes and evolutions over time with regard to approach, classification and rehabilitation-therapeutic programs, since it contemplates a heterogeneous clinical phenomenology in terms of severity, complexity, pervasiveness and severity of the diagnosis. The significant repercussions on the quality of life mean that a comprehensive approach is required with attention to the physical, social, emotional, sensory and cognitive profile, and that there is a need for the adoption of classification systems and assessment tools that are different and in some ways pioneering, so as to guarantee the surpassing of the concept of disability as a "mere defect" physical and/or impairment and/or loss of psychological, physiological or anatomical function (Holden & Gitlesen 2003, Linden 2017, WHO 2001). It is exactly in contemplation of a bio-psycho-social model, that the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) arises, which possesses a neutral position with respect to etiology and a complementarity with the ICD-10 classification (WHO 2001), since it allows the functional diagnosis (i.

Switch of predicted HIV-1 tropism in treated subjects and its association with disease progression.

Dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) tropism after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and their association with disease progression are poorly investigated.This was a cohort study on subjects from the ICONA cohort receiving ART with persistently detectable (PD) or persistently undetectable (PU) viral load (VL) and with stored plasma or peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples at 2 time-points (T1, T2) after ART initiation. HIV-1 co-receptor tropism was determined by V3-loop sequencing and the geno2pheno algorithm.

Increased incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in the recent years: data from the ICONA cohort.

Introduction: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) data collected in HIV+ patients could be used as indicator of risky sexual behaviour possibly linked to HIV transmission. We described the STDs incidence over time and identified higher incidence factors.

Methodology: All patients in the ICONA Foundation Study enrolled after 1998 were included.

CD4 cell count and the risk of infective and non-infective serious non-AIDS events in HIV-positive persons seen for care in Italy.

Introduction: Serious non-AIDS events (SNAE) are frequent in HIV patients receiving cART. Current CD4 count was shown to be more strongly associated with infective compared to not-infective SNAE and unable to predict cardiovascular events. We investigated the relationship between baseline and current CD4 count and the risk of both infective and non-infective SNAE in HIV-positive patients according to current ART use.