The rebirth of health system in Italy after COVID-19 pandemia: starting points.

After COVID-19 pandemia we have to think how to rebuild our national health care system. Balance between health measures and social consequences, reformulation of the chain of command during emergency, clear guidelines for territorial medicine, census of health system are initial points of debate to carry on.

Ocular surface alterations and topical antiglaucomatous therapy: a review.

Ocular Surface Disease (OSD) is prevalent among medically treated patients with glaucoma. This is basically related to three key-points: OSD and glaucoma are both prevalent in elderly and are common comorbidities in the same patient; the role of the active ingredient of the medical antiglaucomatous therapy; the role of the preservative agent of this medical therapy. Considering the actual state of literature we can state that the active glaucoma agent have a role in OSD, but the main cause seems to be the preservative agent, in particular referring to benzalkonium chloride, BAK.

In vivo confocal microscopic evaluation of corneal langerhans cells in dry eye patients.

Purpose: To assess inflammatory involvement of cornea in dry eye by means of confocal microscopy, evaluating the presence and distribution of Langherans cells (LCs).

Methods: 98 eyes of 49 subjects were enrolled: 18 subjects affected by Sjögren Syndrome Dry Eye (SSDE), 17 with Non-Sjögren Syndrome Dry Eye (NSSDE), 14 healthy volunteeers. Dry eye symptoms, tear film, ocular surface damage and corneal confocal microscopy were analized.

Morphology of optic disc through heidelberg retina tomograph in retinal vein occlusions alone or in combination with primary open angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the morphology of optic discs in eyes suffering from retinal vein occlusion (RVO) alone or in combination with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: Prospective, observational study. 48 consecutive patients were enrolled, 30 with unilateral RVO diagnosis, 18 with unilateral retinal vein occlusion (RVO) associated with POAG.

Ophthalmic evaluation and management of traumatic accidents associated with retinal breaks and detachment: a retrospective study.

Purpose: This retrospective study reviews a group of patients with retinal breaks or retinal detachment following ocular trauma.

Methods: A total of 94 patients were included in the study. They underwent closed globe injuries causing multiple retinal breaks or retinal detachment at time of presentation in the emergency department.

Reconstruction of the upper eyelid with flaps and free grafts after excision of Basal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To describe a reconstructive technique of the superior eyelid with flaps and free grafts after excision of a basal cell carcinoma.

Methods: Single case report of a 79-year-old woman who presented to our hospital with a basal cell carcinoma of the upper eyelid margin with initial erosion.

Results: A large and full-thickness excision of the carcinoma was performed.