Seizure outcome after hippocampal deep brain stimulation in a prospective cohort of patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy.

Purpose: In this study, we present the results obtained from a series of patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (r-TLE) who underwent hippocampal deep brain stimulation (Hip-DBS).

Methods: Nine consecutive adult patients were studied. Low-frequency and high-frequency stimulation was carried out immediately after the insertion of each electrode.

Revisiting hydrocephalus as a model to study brain resilience.

Hydrocephalus is an entity which embraces a variety of diseases whose final result is the enlarged size of cerebral ventricular system, partially or completely. The physiopathology of hydrocephalus lies in the dynamics of circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The consequent CSF stasis in hydrocephalus interferes with cerebral and ventricular system development.

Intraoperative neurophysiological responses in epileptic patients submitted to hippocampal and thalamic deep brain stimulation.

Purpose: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used in an increasing frequency for treatment of refractory epilepsy. Acute deep brain macrostimulation intraoperative findings were sparsely published in the literature. We report on our intraoperative macrostimulation findings during thalamic and hippocampal DBS implantation.

Speech preservation using a non-linear paradigm for determination of the extent of neocortical resection in patients with mesial temporal sclerosis submitted to cortico-amygdalo-hippocampectomy (CAH).

Rationale: The rationale for using a non-linear (proportional) paradigm for determining the extent of the neocortex to be removed in temporal lobe resection was based on anatomical and intra-operative cortical mapping findings. We present our results regarding speech preservation in patients submitted to CAH using the central artery as an anatomical landmark for determining the posterior border of neocortical resection.

Methods: Two hundred and fifty consecutive right-handed patients with left unilateral mesial sclerosis were studied.

Multiple craniotomies in the management of multifocal and multicentric glioblastoma. Clinical article.

Object: Multiple craniotomies have been performed for resection of multiple brain metastases in the same surgical session with satisfactory outcomes, but the role of this procedure in the management of multifocal and multicentric glioblastomas is undetermined, although it is not the standard approach at most centers.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective analysis of data prospectively collected between 1993 and 2008 in 20 patients with multifocal or multicentric glioblastomas (Group A) who underwent resection of all lesions via multiple craniotomies during a single surgical session. Twenty patients who underwent resection of solitary glioblastoma (Group B) were selected to match Group A with respect to the preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) score, tumor functional grade, extent of resection, age at time of surgery, and year of surgery.