Association Between Inappropriate Prescribing According to the 2023 Beers Criteria and Different Health Outcomes: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the association between the 2023 Beers criteria for inappropriate prescribing and different health outcomes among community-dwelling older individuals after a 1-year follow-up period and to assess the use and factors associated with inappropriate prescribing.

Methods: This longitudinal population study spanning from 2017 to 2018 included 490 community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years old) receiving care from family medicine teams in the city of São João del-Rei, Brazil. The 2023 Beers criteria was used to identify potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs).

Quantitative and Qualitative Research in the Field of 'Spirituality and Health': An Introductory How-to-Guide from a Brazilian Perspective.

The present article aims to describe the different steps on how to design, develop and conduct quantitative and qualitative Spirituality and Health (S/H) studies from a Brazilian perspective, discussing definitions and instruments, and proposing a "how-to guide" for those interested in this field of research. A narrative review of the literature has been conducted by experts in the field of S/H aiming to develop a "how-to-guide". Spirituality is a very complex concept that has several challenges in the current scientific literature, including the lack of consensus in the definitions, the numerous dimensions assessed, the diverse instruments for measurement, the criticisms from other scholars, the great diversity of religious and cultural traditions and the growing number of "spiritual but not religious" individuals.

Mental health and quality of life across 6 years of medical training: A year-by-year analysis.

Background: Despite growing evidence on medical students' mental health deterioration, studies have primarily used short follow-up periods and not followed the students throughout their medical training.

Objective: To assess mental health (stress, anxiety, and depression) and quality of life changes throughout their medical program, we followed up with the same cohort of students for 6 years.

Methods: This longitudinal prospective study followed up with the same group of medical students at a Brazilian public medical school from 2014 to 2020.

MEASURING HEALTH STUDENTS' ATTITUDES, PERCEPTIONS AND READINESS FOR INTERPROFESSIONAL LEARNING: RELIABILITY, VALIDITY AND PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THREE SCALES ADAPTED INTO PORTUGUESE.

To adapt, validate and assess the psychometric properties of the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS-19 items), Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS-18 items) and Team Skills Scale (TSS-17 items) in 484 undergraduate students. Transcultural adaptation of the scales was performed. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, factor analysis, and convergent and discriminant validity were determined.

The current status of "spirituality and health" teaching in Brazilian medical schools: a nationwide survey.

Background: Recent data on the teaching of "spirituality and health" (S/H) in medical schools are needed. In this study, we aimed to investigate the current status of S/H teaching in Brazilian medical schools, the opinions of medical directors/deans on this topic and the factors associated with its incorporation into the curriculum.

Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2021.

Mental health throughout the medical career: A comparison of depression, anxiety, and stress levels among medical students, residents, and physicians.

Background: Different stages of a physician's career may be associated with different types of mental health impairment.

Aims: This study aimed to compare symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress and their associated factors among medical students, medical residents, and physicians.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted.

One-minute preceptor and SNAPPS for clinical reasoning: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Clinical reasoning teaching strategies could be important models to teach healthcare trainees. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of clinical reasoning teaching strategies (one-minute preceptor (OMP) and SNAPPS) for developing clinical reasoning skills, attitudes and satisfaction of medical/healthcare students and post-graduate trainees as compared to controls. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies, with no restriction on language or publication date, were carried out by searching the PubMed, SCOPUS, ERIC, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library databases.

Factors Associated with Motivation in Medical Students: A 30-Month Longitudinal Study.

This longitudinal study aimed to assess the factors associated with motivation in 303 Brazilian medical students after a 30-month follow-up. Their demographics, study habits, sleep quality, motivation (Brazilian version of the Academic Motivation Scale-BAMS), learning approaches (R-SPQ-2F scale), and stressors (MSSF-Medical Student Stress Factor scale) were examined. We found an increase in amotivation and extrinsic motivation through external regulation (e.

Comparison of the Role of Different Levels of Religiousness and Spirituality in Controversial Ethical Issues and Clinical Practice among Brazilian Resident Physicians: Results from the Multicenter SBRAMER Study.

This study compares clinical practice and objections to controversial ethical issues among 836 Brazilian resident physicians according to levels of religiousness/spirituality. Residents with low religiousness/spirituality (s/r) believed less in the influence of spirituality on clinical practice, were less comfortable addressing this issue, tended to listen less carefully and try to change the subject more than other groups. Residents with high spirituality and low religiousness (S/r) inquired more about religious/spiritual issues, while those with high religiousness/spirituality (S/R) were more supportive and reported fewer barriers to addressing these issues.

Short and medium-term effects of different teaching strategies for interprofessional education in health professional students: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Interprofessional education (IPE) is recognized as important for teaching in healthcare. However, few studies comparing active versus traditional strategies for this teaching approach have been conducted.

Objectives: This study aims to compare the use of different educational strategies (i.

Smartphone Use, Digital Addiction and Physical and Mental Health in Community-dwelling Older Adults: a Population-based Survey.

This study aims to assess mobile technology use (cell phones and smartphones), level of digital addiction, and the association of these factors with physical, mental and social health and quality of life (QOL) in community-dwelling older adults. A population-based study of a city with a low-income population in Brazil was carried out. Sociodemographics, cognition(MMSE), mental health(DASS-21), QOL(WHOQOL-bref), sleep quality(Pittsburgh Index), instrumental activities of daily living(Lawton), loneliness(UCLA), digital addiction(Internet Addiction Test) and cell phone/smartphone use were investigated.

Resilience and Mental Health Among Regularly and Intermittently Active Older Adults: Results From a Four-Year Longitudinal Study.

Background: This study aims to investigate whether regularly active individuals have different levels of mental health and resilience compared to intermittently active individuals.

Methods: In this 4-year longitudinal study, 180 older people were included. General linear models were used to assess the level of physical activity, psychological resilience, and mental health among regularly and intermittently active older adults.

The role of positive behaviors, attitudes and virtues in the mental health of community-dwelling older adults: A 1-year follow-up study.

Objectives: Few studies have investigated the influence of positive behaviors, attitudes and virtues on mental health outcomes of older adults, particularly in developing countries. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the influence of positive behaviors, attitudes and values on the mental health (depression, anxiety and stress) of Brazilian older adults treated in primary care.

Methods: A longitudinal study, with a 1-year follow-up, of older adults seen by Family Medicine teams was conducted.

The Use of Feedback in Improving the Knowledge, Attitudes and Skills of Medical Students: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the use of different feedback modalities in improving the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of medical students compared to students receiving no feedback or unstructured feedback. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted based on a search of the Cochrane, ERIC, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. A total of 26 studies were included for the systematic review and 13 for the meta-analysis.

Spirituality, religiousness, and mental health: A review of the current scientific evidence.

Research in the field of "Spirituality and Health" has been growing, with spirituality/religiousness (S/R) being consistently related to both physical and mental health. The objective of this article is to provide an updated review of the current scientific evidence on the relationship between S/R and mental health, highlighting the most important studies. As a secondary objective, the mechanisms that explain this relationship and the interventions that utilize this information in treating mental disorders will be discussed.

Relationship Between Mental Health, Resilience, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study.

The aim of this study was to longitudinally investigate the association between resilience and mental health in older adults and to determine the influence of physical activity on this relationship. A total of 291 older adults were included in a 2-year follow-up study. Adjusted linear regression models evaluated the association between resilience at baseline and mental health after 2 years in sufficiently and insufficiently physically active older adults.

The association of mental health with positive behaviours, attitudes and virtues in community-dwelling older adults: Results of a population-based study.

Background: Despite major advancements in understanding of the factors associated with mental health in older adults, studies assessing positive behaviours, attitudes and virtues are still scarce in the literature.

Aims: This study aims to investigate whether factors related to positive behaviours, attitudes and virtues are associated with mental health (i.e.

Factors associated with successful aging in Brazilian community-dwelling older adults: When physical health is not enough.

Objectives: To determine the main factors (physical, psychological, social and spiritual) associated with successful aging in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of older adults was conducted evaluating successful aging (Successful Aging Scale-SAS) and its associated factors (sociodemographics, resilience, religiosity/spirituality, meaning in life, quality of life, social support, self-reported diseases, mental health, medications used, among others) using regression models.

Results: A total of 534 older adults were assessed.

Religiosity/Spirituality and Mental Health and Quality of Life of Early Pregnant Women.

The present study aims to investigate how religious/spiritual (R/S) beliefs are associated with depressive, anxious and stress symptoms and quality of life (QOL) of 160 Brazilian women in early pregnancy. In this cross-sectional study, religiosity/spirituality (DUREL, Daily Spiritual Experiences, Brief-RCOPE), mental health (DASS-21) and quality of life (WHOQOL-Bref) were assessed. Negative R/S coping was associated with higher levels of depressive, anxious and stress symptoms and worse physical and psychological QOL.

Empathy, well-being, and mental health: do gender differences diminish by the end of medical school?

This study aims to investigate if medical students demonstrate differences related to gender in terms of empathy, burnout, tolerance, openness to spirituality, well-being, and mental health, and to examine whether these differences vary across levels of medical training. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the first semester of 2015 in a Brazilian medical school. The following were evaluated: quality of life (WHOQOL-Bref), burnout (Oldenburg), mental health (DASS-21), empathy (Empathy Inventory and ESWIM), and tolerance, well-being, and openness to spirituality (ESWIM).

Altruism, Volunteering and Cognitive Performance Among Older Adults: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study.

This study aims to investigate whether altruism and volunteering are associated differently with cognitive functioning in community-dwelling older adults. A 2-year longitudinal study of 291 Brazilian older adults was conducted. In the baseline analysis, altruism, but not volunteering, was associated with higher scores for the composite cognitive score, the Mini-Mental State Examination, the verbal fluency and the CERAD Recall.

Religiosity and Spirituality of Resident Physicians and Implications for Clinical Practice-the SBRAMER Multicenter Study.

Objectives: To assess the attitudes, knowledge, and experiences of Brazilian resident physicians regarding religiosity/spirituality (R/S), factors associated with addressing this issue, and its influence on clinical practice.

Methods: We report results of the multicenter "Spirituality in Brazilian Medical Residents" (SBRAMER) study involving 7 Brazilian university centers. The Network for Research Spirituality and Health (NERSH) scale (collecting sociodemographic data, opinions about the R/S-health interface, and respondents' R/S characteristics) and the Duke Religion Index were self-administered.

Influence of Religiousness and Spirituality on Remission Rate, Mental Health, and Quality of Life of Patients With Active Crohn's Disease: A Longitudinal 2-Year Follow-up Study.

Background And Aims: Studies on inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] have shown that religiousness and spirituality [R/S] were associated with better mental health and quality of life [QOL]. However, longitudinal studies assessing the impact of R/S on long-term clinical outcomes of Crohn's disease [CD] are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of R/S on the course of CD after a 2-year follow-up and to determine whether these R/S beliefs were associated with mental health and QOL.

Do different pedagogical conceptions result in different quality of life levels?

Objective: The present study aims to compare medical students' quality of life (QoL) at two Brazilian institutions with different pedagogical conceptions.

Methods: We studied students during the first four years of medical school at two institutions (one using active methodologies and small groups and the other using traditional lectures and large groups). We used a demographic questionnaire and the WHOQOL-BREF.