Microneedling in the Treatment of Post-burn Hypertrophic Scars.

Introduction: Post-burn hypertrophic scars are an important cause of physical discomfort, limitation of movements, psychological disorders, low self-esteem and reduced quality of life. Treatment for this condition is complex and involves several options. Microneedling, also known as minimally invasive percutaneous collagen induction, is an affordable minimally invasive option that can be combined with other treatments, including ablative ones.

Management of Post-Facelift Facial Paralysis With Botulinum Toxin Type A.

Background: Facial nerve injury after facelift is rare; hence, its treatment is poorly established. Botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) can be employed to resolve the asymmetry. To our knowledge, there is no protocol in the literature about the best timing for this treatment, injection sites, or recommended dose.

Disinfection of 3D-printed protective face shield during COVID-19 pandemic.

This study assessed the disinfection using 70% ethanol; HO-quaternary ammonium salt mixture; 0.1% sodium hypochlorite and autoclaving of four 3D-printed face shields with different designs, visor materials; and visor thickness (0.5-0.

Contralateral Botulinum Toxin Improved Functional Recovery after Tibial Nerve Repair in Rats.

Background: There is clinical and experimental evidence that botulinum toxin applied to the healthy side of patients with facial paralysis positively affects functional recovery of the paralyzed side. The authors created an experimental model to study the effects of botulinum toxin injection in the gastrocnemius muscle contralateral to the side of tibial nerve lesion/repair in rats.

Methods: Fifty rats were allocated into five groups: group I, control; group II, tibial nerve section; group III, tibial nerve section and immediate neurorrhaphy; group IV, tibial nerve section, immediate neurorrhaphy, and botulinum toxin injected into the contralateral gastrocnemius muscle; and group V, botulinum toxin injected into the gastrocnemius muscle and no surgery.

Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser in Patients with Skin Phototypes III to VI and Facial Burn Sequelae: 1-Year Follow-Up.

Background: Fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment in postburn scars is safe and effective, but high rates of hypochromia (35 percent) have been described in patients with skin phototypes V and VI after 2 months. The authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment of burn scars in skin phototypes III to VI after 1 year, focusing on the incidence of hypochromia.

Methods: A case series of 20 patients had skin phototypes III to VI with facial burn sequelae.

Successful Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum after Augmentation Mastopexy Using Vacuum Therapy.

Background: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, severe, destructive neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by a progressive, necrotizing process after skin injury. Its cause is still unknown, and diagnosis represents a challenge when ulcers are seen after surgery. Bacterial infection is not found in the wounds.

Extracellular matrix remodeling derangement in ex-obese patients.

A known consequence of the large weight loss after bariatric surgery is the appearance of large skinfolds, particularly in the abdomen region of the patients. The balance between the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and their proteolysis, mainly by fibrinolytic systems and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), may be disturbed in these patients. The causes underlying the deregulation of ECM remodeling that occurs in these patients are not, however, clear.

Tibial and fibular nerves evaluation using intraoperative electromyography in rats.

Purpose: To evaluate a new model of intraoperative electromyographic (EMG) assessment of the tibial and fibular nerves, and its respectives motor units in rats.

Methods: Eight Wistar rats underwent intraoperative EMG on both hind limbs at two different moments: week 0 and week 12. Supramaximal electrical stimulation applied on sciatic nerve, and compound muscle action potential recorded on the gastrocnemius muscle (GM) and the extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDLM) through electrodes at specifics points.

Epidemiologic Overview of Synkinesis in 353 Patients with Longstanding Facial Paralysis under Treatment with Botulinum Toxin for 11 Years.

Background: Patients with longstanding facial paralysis often exhibit synkinesis. Few reports describe the prevalence and factors related to the development of synkinesis after facial paralysis. Botulinum toxin type A injection is an important adjunct treatment for facial paralysis-induced asymmetry and synkinesis.

Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum Treatment with Fractional CO2 Laser.

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PE) is a rare genetic disease characterized by calcification and fragmentation of elastic fibers of the skin, retina, and cardiovascular system. We report a case of PE in which fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment was successfully used to achieve improvement of the cervical skin with 2-year follow-up, in a patient with Fitzpatrick skin type IV. After the fifth session, the patient presented with a local herpes infection.

Comparison of the efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA and abobotulinumtoxinA at the 1: 3 conversion ratio for the treatment of asymmetry after long-term facial paralysis.

Background: Botulinum toxin A injection into the nonparalyzed side is used to treat asymmetry resulting from facial palsy. OnabotulinumtoxinA and abobotulinumtoxinA units are not equivalent. The authors compared the conversion ratio of 1:3 in patients with facial palsy.

Mechanical evaluation of the resistance and elastance of post-burn scars after topical treatment with tretinoin.

Objective: After burn injuries, scarred skin lacks elasticity, especially in hypertrophic scars. Topical treatment with tretinoin can improve the appearance and quality of the skin (i.e.

Evaluation of aesthetic abdominal surgery using a new clinical scale.

Background: Evaluation of outcomes after aesthetic surgery still is a challenge in plastic surgery. The evaluation frequently is based on subjective criteria. This study used a new clinical grading scale to evaluate aesthetic results for plastic surgeries to the abdomen.

Botulinum toxin injection in long-standing facial paralysis patients: improvement of facial symmetry observed up to 6 months.

Background: Despite modern reanimation surgical techniques, facial paralysis presents with functional and aesthetic deficits. We evaluated facial symmetry after treating with botulinum toxin the healthy side of the face of 25 patients with long-standing facial paralysis who had previously been treated by surgical methods, with 6 months follow-up.

Methods: Evaluation consisted of a clinical score, the two subscales of the Facial Disability Index, and surface electromyography.

Complications after polymethylmethacrylate injections: report of 32 cases.

Background: During the past 15 years, polymethylmethacrylate has been used as a synthetic permanent filler for soft-tissue augmentation.

Methods: This article reports 32 cases of complications seen at Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, for procedures performed elsewhere.

Results: The average age of the patients was 43.

Histologic response to injected phosphatidylcholine in fat tissue: experimental study in a new rabbit model.

The application of phosphatidylcholine to the fat tissue of humans for aesthetic purposes has recently been in evidence, despite the sparse literature corroboration of this practice. The authors developed a new experimental model to study injection of substances in fat tissue in rabbits. The objective of this particular study was to verify the possible effects of phosphatidylcholine injected in the animals.

Combined tretinoin and glycolic acid treatment improves mouth opening for postburn patients.

Postburn tissue repair progresses late, with changes in the skin's physical properties. Clinically, the skin appears dry, scaly, and dyschromic, with diminished elasticity, particularly in the presence of hypertrophic scars. Improvement of postburn skin can be obtained by using topical agents normally used in pathologies such as acne and photoaging.

Complications with the use of botulinum toxin type a in facial rejuvenation: report of 8 cases.

The botulinum toxin A is produced by Clostridium botulinum and causes a reversible, selective muscle relaxation that leads to a temporary flattening of the mechanical component of wrinkling without the stigmata of invasive surgery. Since the end of the 1980s, this neurotoxin has been used to treat mimic facial lines with good results. Although this is considered a safe therapy, with adverse effects typically self-limited, more severe complications have been observed when it is used by nonskilled physicians or in improper dosages.