Could New Palm-Free Structured Lipids Mitigate Postprandial Hyperlipidemia and Inflammation Induced by High-Fat Meals in Swiss Mice?

A high-fat meal can cause postprandial hyperlipemia, initiating an acute inflammatory response. New structured lipids (SLs) free from trans and palm fatty acids are emerging as food structurants. We evaluated the postprandial response and inflammatory profiles in Swiss mice after oral administration of SLs in high-fat meals.

A POSSIBLE ROLE OF HEPCIDIN IN INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION.

Background: Hepcidin's main function is to control iron availability to hematopoiesis. However, it has been shown that hepcidin may have an additional role in intestinal inflammation, as intestinal cells and leukocytes increase the production in experimental colitis and Crohn's disease.

Objective: Using an HT-29 cell as a model, we investigated the role of hepcidin in intestinal inflammation.

Control of pathogenic bacterial biofilm associated with acne and the anti-inflammatory potential of an essential oil blend.

Acne is one of the most common skin conditions worldwide, with multifactorial origins it affects areas of the skin with hair follicles and sebaceous glands that become clogged. Bacterial incidence aggravates treatment due to resistance to antimicrobial agents and production of virulence factors such as biofilm formation. Based on these information, this study aims to conduct in vitro evaluations of the antibacterial activity of essential oils (EOs), alone and in combination, against Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis in planktonic and biofilm forms.

Addition of Polyphenols to Drugs: The Potential of Controlling "Inflammaging" and Fibrosis in Human Senescent Lung Fibroblasts In Vitro.

The combination of a polyphenol, quercetin, with dasatinib initiated clinical trials to evaluate the safety and efficacy of senolytics in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a lung disease associated with the presence of senescent cells. Another approach to senotherapeutics consists of controlling inflammation related to cellular senescence or "inflammaging", which participates, among other processes, in establishing pulmonary fibrosis. We evaluate whether polyphenols such as caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, gallic acid, quercetin, or resveratrol combined with different senotherapeutics such as metformin or rapamycin, and antifibrotic drugs such as nintedanib or pirfenidone, could present beneficial actions in an in vitro model of senescent MRC-5 lung fibroblasts.

Researching New Drug Combinations with Senolytic Activity Using Senescent Human Lung Fibroblasts MRC-5 Cell Line.

Therapeutically targeting senescent cells seems to be an interesting perspective in treating chronic lung diseases, which are often associated with human aging. The combination of the drug dasatinib and the polyphenol quercetin is used in clinical trials as a senolytic, and the first results point to the relief of physical dysfunction in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this work, we tested new combinations of drugs and polyphenols, looking for senolytic activity using human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 cell line) with induced senescence.

Synergism Between Essential Oils and Evaluation of Their Activities with a Focus on Malassezia furfur Control.

Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by yeast species that affects the regions of the body where the sebaceous glands are present. The combined use of different essential oils (EOs) can increase their spectrum of action. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the action of EOs alone and in combination with each other on , in planktonic and biofilm form, and their anti-inflammatory and mutagenic potential, in addition to the effects on the viability of cells lines.

Bioaccessibility Evaluation of Soymilk Isoflavones with Biotransformation Processing.

Soy isoflavones are considered important sources of bioactive compounds, but they are poorly absorbable, due to their large hydrophilic structures. Some biotransformation strategies have been used to convert the glycosidic form into aglycones, making them available for absorption. This study evaluated the potential of enzymatic and/or microbial fermentation combined bioprocesses in a soymilk extract before and after gastrointestinal in vitro digestion.

Hepcidin and inflammation associated with iron deficiency in childhood obesity - A systematic review.

Objectives: This paper aims to review data on the association of obesity and iron deficiency in children and adolescents, exposing the possible involvement of hepcidin and interleukin-6 (IL-6), obesity's inflammation biomarkers.

Data Source: Articles from PUBMED and WEB OF SCIENCE database with no chronological limit were reviewed to write this systematic review. Keywords such as children, obesity, iron deficiency, and hepcidin were used.

Deferoxamine Interference in Fibro-inflammation: Additional Action in Control of Obese Adipose Tissue Dysfunction.

Introduction: Several studies demonstrated that deferoxamine, an iron chelator, can improve inflammatory alterations in adipose tissue induced by obesity. Obesity alterations in adipose tissue are also associated with tissue remodeling, and deferoxamine has anti-fibrosis action previously described in sites like the skin and liver.

Methods: In this work, we analyzed deferoxamine effects on adipose tissue fibro-inflammation during obesity induced by diet in mice.

Effects of systemic inflammation due to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury upon lean or obese visceral adipose tissue.

Purpose: To evaluate how the induction of liver damage by ischemia and reperfusion affects the adipose tissue of lean and obese mice.

Methods: Lean and diet-induced obese mice were subjected to liver ischemia (30 min) followed by 6 h of reperfusion. The vascular stromal fraction of visceral adipose tissue was analyzed by cytometry, and gene expression was evaluated by an Array assay and by RT-qPCR.

Production and characterization of nanoemulsion with low-calorie structured lipids and its potential to modulate biomarkers associated with obesity and comorbidities.

Structured lipids (SL) containing behenic acid have been produced in order to obtain low-calorie lipids for foods; however, the development of a high nutritional value and a stable nanoemulsion carrier system for these SL is an interesting breakthrough for this field of research, improving technologic and biological potential for food application. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of a nanoemulsion containing SL NeSL (produced with olive oil, soybean oil and fully hydrogenated crambe oil), the behavior during in vitro digestion and the effects on biomarkers involved in the obesity in cell models. The samples showed good stability throughout storage (30 days) under refrigeration and room temperature and after the gastric digestion phase compared to the controls (nanoemulsion of olive and soybean oil).

Effects of long-term consumption of sucralose associated with high-fat diet in male mice.

Sucralose is a widely consumed non-nutritive sweetener (NNS). Studies have shown that some NNS can favor weight gain by altering the intestinal microbiota, satiety hormone production, or aspects related to glucose homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the effects of sucralose consumption in mice fed with normal or high-fat diet (HFD) for an extended period (16 weeks).

The Impact of Polyphenols-Based Diet on the Inflammatory Profile in COVID-19 Elderly and Obese Patients.

The World Health Organization declared the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-associated disease (coronavirus disease 2019 - COVID-19) as a pandemic in March 2020. COVID-19 is characterized by cytokine storm, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and systemic inflammation-related pathology and already kills more than 1.5 million of people worldwide.

Evaluation of Budesonide-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex in Thermoreversible Gels for Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: New formulations for topical treatment of ulcerative colitis with budesonide inclusion complex (BUD) and poloxamers (PL) were developed for future clinical use.

Aims: This study evaluated the efficacy of such novel formulations in a rat model of colitis.

Methods: The PL-BUD systems were prepared by direct dispersion of the complex (BUD concentration 0.

Iron chelators in obesity therapy - Old drugs from a new perspective?

Alterations in iron homeostasis are well described in obese patients. The effects of iron chelators on adipose tissue and other organs affected by obesity have been the interest of experimental studies, both in vivo and in vitro. The aim of this review was to update the available information indicating the potential of iron chelators as adjuvant drugs in the management of obesity and its comorbidities.

Hydrolyzed Rutin Decreases Worsening of Anaplasia in Glioblastoma Relapse.

Background: Gliomas are aggressive and resilient tumors. Progression to advanced stages of malignancy, characterized by cell anaplasia, necrosis, and reduced response to conventional surgery or therapeutic adjuvant, are critical challenges in glioma therapy. Relapse of the disease poses a considerable challenge for management.

Effects of Polyphenols on Thermogenesis and Mitochondrial Biogenesis.

Obesity is a health problem worldwide, and energy imbalance has been pointed out as one of the main factors responsible for its development. As mitochondria are a key element in energy homeostasis, the development of obesity has been strongly associated with mitochondrial imbalance. Polyphenols are the largest group of phytochemicals, widely distributed in the plant kingdom, abundant in fruits and vegetables, and have been classically described as antioxidants owing to their well-established ability to eliminate free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Modulatory Effect of Polyphenolic Compounds from the Mangrove Tree L. on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Diet Obese Mice.

No scientific report proves the action of the phytochemicals from the mangrove tree in the treatment of diabetes. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of the acetonic extract of barks (AERM) on type 2 diabetes. The main chemical constituents of the extract were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and flow injection analysis electrospray-iontrap mass spectrometry (FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MS).

Yerba Mate Stimulates Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Thermogenesis in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Scope: The potential effects of yerba mate (YM) on mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis are evaluated.

Methods And Results: The in vitro effects of YM on mitochondrial respiration are assessed in C2C12 cells. The expression of genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis are analyzed by quantitative PCR.

The effect of Guarana (Paullinia cupana) on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in adult male mice programmed by maternal obesity.

Purpose: Maternal obesity can program the offspring, increasing the risk of overweight and obesity in adult life. Guarana (Paullinia cupana) is a Brazilian plant that has weight-reducing effects. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of Guarana on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in mice programmed by maternal obesity.

Guarana (Paullinia cupana) Stimulates Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Mice Fed High-Fat Diet.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of guarana on mitochondrial biogenesis in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. C57BL6J mice were divided in two groups: high-fat diet HFD and high-fat diet + guarana (HFD-GUA). Both groups received HFD and water ad libitum and the HFD-GUA group also received a daily gavage of guarana (1 g/kg weight).

A novel experimental model of erectile dysfunction in rats with heart failure using volume overload.

Background: Patients with heart failure (HF) display erectile dysfunction (ED). However, the pathophysiology of ED during HF remains poorly investigated.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the aortocaval fistula (ACF) rat model associated with HF as a novel experimental model of ED.

Extracellular matrix remodeling and matrix metalloproteinase inhibition in visceral adipose during weight cycling in mice.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is necessary for a health adipose tissue (AT) expansion and also has a role during weight loss. We investigate the ECM alteration during weight cycling (WC) in mice and the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was assessed using GM6001, an MMP inhibitor, during weight loss (WL). Obesity was induced in mice by a high-fat diet.

Modulatory Effects of Guarana (Paullinia cupana) on Adipogenesis.

Guarana () is a plant originated in Brazil that presents a beneficial effect on body weight control and metabolic alterations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of guarana on genes and miRNAs related to adipogenesis in 3T3L1 cells. The anti-adipogenic effect of guarana was evaluated by Oil Red-O staining.

Biotransformed citrus extract as a source of anti-inflammatory polyphenols: Effects in macrophages and adipocytes.

Chronic non-communicable diseases such as obesity are preceded by increased macrophage infiltration in adipose tissue and greater secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of Biotransformed extract, and two control extracts: In Natura and Autoclaved. The assays were performed using a cellular model with RAW264.