Towards personalized vaccines.

The emergence of vaccinomics and system vaccinology represents a transformative shift in immunization strategies, advocating for personalized vaccines tailored to individual genetic and immunological profiles. Integrating insights from genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and immunology, personalized vaccines offer the promise of enhanced efficacy and safety, revolutionizing the field of vaccinology. However, the development of personalized vaccines presents multifaceted challenges, including technical, ethical, economic, and regulatory considerations.

Vaccines and allergy: Back to the right places.

Hypersensitivity reactions represent one of the most common causes of hesitancy for adherence to national vaccination programs. The majority of hypersensitivity reactions after vaccination are mild, and anaphylaxis is reported to be rare, although it remains challenging to estimate the frequency attributed to each single vaccine, either because of the lower number of administered doses of less common vaccines, or the administration of simultaneous vaccine in most of the vaccination programs. Although literature remains scattered, international consensus guides clinicians in identifying patients who might need the administration of vaccines in protected environments due to demonstrated hypersensitivity to vaccine components or adjuvants.

Case Report: Efficacy, safety, and favorable long-term outcome of early treatment with IL-1 inhibitors in a patient with chronic infantile neurological cutaneous articular (CINCA) syndrome caused by NLRP3 mosaicism.

Chronic infantile neurological cutaneous articular (CINCA) syndrome is an autoinflammatory disease encompassed in the group of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS). Patients suffering from CINCA have an elevated risk of developing chronic sequelae, including deforming arthropathy, chronic meningitis, neurodevelopmental delay, and neurosensorial hearing loss. The diagnosis of CINCA presents several difficulties, as the clinical phenotype could be difficult to recognize, and almost half of the patients have negative genetic testing.

Transversal Displacement Detection of an Arched Bridge with a Multimonostatic Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Radar.

Interferometric radars are widely used for monitoring civil structures. Bridges are critical structures that need to be constantly monitored for the safety of the users. In this work, a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar was used for monitoring an arched bridge in Catanzaro, Italy.

Ultrasound and Clinical Alterations in the Foot of Children with Obesity and Diabetes.

Background: Alterations in plantar soft tissues are often reported in adults with diabetes, whereas data on children are conflicting. Also, the extent of foot damage caused by excess body fat in children has not been fully characterized yet. This study aimed to address the relationship between body mass and structural changes of the foot in children and adolescents with and without diabetes.

How E-cigarettes and vaping can affect asthma in children and adolescents.

Purpose Of Review: Electronic nicotine delivery systems such as e-cigarettes are commonly felt to be harmless devices when compared to traditional cigarettes. However, an increasing number of studies support the biological plausibility for the potential detrimental effects of vaping on the respiratory mucosa. To date, few human studies have been carried out on adult vapers showing a reduction in lung function testing, especially in those with asthma, whereas the effects of vaping on children and adolescents have not been elucidated so far.

Uptake of Vaccinations among Children with Chronic Diseases Is Affected by Knowledge Gaps and Implementation Challenges in Italy.

(1) Background: Children with chronic medical conditions may be at increased risk for severe complications related to vaccine-preventable infections. Therefore, additional booster doses or supplementary vaccines are recommended, over and above the routine immunization schedule for healthy children. The aim of this study was to investigate attitude, knowledge, and practices toward additional vaccinations for children affected by chronic conditions among pediatricians and parents.

Valence tautomerism interconversion triggers transition to stable charge distribution in solid polymeric cobalt-polyoxolene complexes.

The reaction of 3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-5,5',6,6'-tetrahydroxy-1,1'spiro-bis(indane), L, with cobalt salts in the presence of diazine ligands affords polymeric derivatives of general formula [CoL(diazine)]infinity . nH2O, L being coordinated as a mixed-valence SQ-Cat species. The bipiridyl and o-phenantroline derivatives have been characterised by means of magnetic, EPR and calorimetric measurements.

Tuning the charge distribution and photoswitchable properties of cobalt-dioxolene complexes by using molecular techniques.

A series of cobalt complexes [Co(Me(n)tpa)(diox)]PF(6)sol (diox=3,5-di-tert-butyl-1,2-dioxolene; sol=ethanol, toluene; tpa=tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine) were prepared by using tripod-like Me(n)tpa (n=0, 1, 2, 3), derived from tpa by successive introduction of methyl groups into the 6-position of the pyridine moieties, as an ancillary ligand. The steric hindrance induced by this substitution modulates the redox properties of the metal acceptor, thus determining the charge distribution of the metal-dioxolene moiety at room temperature. All of these complexes were characterised by using diffractometric studies, electronic spectroscopic analysis, and magnetic susceptibility measurements.

Unprecedented optically induced long-lived intramolecular electron transfer in cobalt-dioxolene complexes.

The observation of very long lifetimes of the metastable states of two cobalt-dioxolene complexes undergoing photoinduced and high T(c) thermally-induced valence tautomer interconversion opens new research perspectives.

The influence of ligand field effects on the magnetic exchange of high-spin Co(II)-semiquinonate complexes.

[Co(Me(4)cyclam)(tropolonate)](PF(6)) was synthesised and structurally characterised. Its electronic and W-band EPR spectra have been analysed by means of the angular overlap calculation of the Spin Hamiltonian parameters that provided also a satisfactory reproduction of the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility. The present results can be interpreted assuming a pseudo-octahedral character for the Co(II) center.