Determinants of cardiovascular health indices among physicians in a tertiary centre.

Background: Physicians spearhead the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases, however, there is a paucity of studies that have assessed the cardiovascular risk profiles of physicians in Africa. We aimed to determine the cardiovascular health indices of a cross-section of physicians in Nigeria.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical doctors in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria, with different specialties being proportionally represented.

Prevalence and correlates of burn-out among Nigerian medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Physician burn-out was an issue before the pandemic. Medical personnel have faced several clinical and non-clinical challenges because of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which predisposes them to burn-out. There is a paucity of studies that shed light on the level of burn-out and its association with work-related factors for Nigerian medical doctors.

Perceptions of Nigerian medical students regarding their preparedness for precision medicine: a cross-sectional survey in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Advances in precision medicine in Nigeria suggest improving genomics education and competency among healthcare practitioners to facilitate clinical translation. Due to the scarcity of research in this area, this study aimed to assess Nigerian medical students' perceptions about their preparedness to integrate precision medicine into their future clinical practice.

Methods: This was an institution-based cross-sectional study of medicine and surgery students in their clinical years attending the two fully accredited colleges of medicine in Lagos, Nigeria, between April and October 2022 using an adapted tool administered via Google Forms.

Nigerian parents and caregivers knowledge, attitude and willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19.

Objectives: In order to achieve herd immunity against COVID-19, a significant proportion of the population will need to be vaccinated. Experts have recommended that African children be allowed to get vaccinated to protect them from emerging variants of COVID-19 infection. This study investigated Nigerian parents and caregivers' knowledge, attitude, and willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 once the vaccines are made available to them.

'Prospective audit with intervention and feedback' as a core antimicrobial stewardship strategy in the paediatrics department of a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Introduction: Inappropriate use of antibiotics for childhood illnesses, especially for non-bacterial infections, contributes to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Globally, implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP) in all healthcare institutions is a strategic intervention to improve the appropriate use of antibiotics, reduce antimicrobial consumption and tackle AMR. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prospective audit with intervention and feedback as an antimicrobial stewardship strategy on antimicrobial use, evaluate prescribers' response to recommendations and determine the rate of AMR in the Paediatrics Department of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.

Willingness and motivations towards volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey among final year medical students in Lagos, Nigeria.

Introduction: Increasing manpower capacity to meet the demands in the healthcare system is important during health emergencies. Medical students have roles to play during a pandemic but their involvement in these duties should be voluntary. The objective of this study was to assess the willingness and motivations of final year medical students in Lagos, Nigeria towards volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Mothers' knowledge, attitude and home management of diarrhoea among children under five years old in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background:  Diarrhoea is a leading cause of death among children under five years old globally. It remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among this age group in Nigeria. Using simple home management, mothers play important roles in the prevention and control of diarrhoea among these children.

Hepatitis B and C seroprevalence among residents in Lagos State, Nigeria: A population-based survey.

Background: Hepatitis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. It is often caused by hepatitis B and C, which are both preventable and treatable. Available information on Hepatitis B and C in Nigeria is based primarily on estimates obtained from specific population sub-groups or hospital-based surveys leaving gaps in population-level knowledge, attitudes, and prevalence.

Internalization of stigma among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Nigeria: a mixed method study.

Background: Autism Spectrum disorder (ASD) has uniquely stigmatizing aspects because children with ASD have no physical markers of their condition. Parents are usually blamed and judgment from others is often internalized (felt stigma).

Aim: This study was conducted to determine knowledge about ASD, negative experiences (enacted stigma), internalization of stigma (felt or self stigma) and its correlates among parents of children with ASD in Lagos, Nigeria.

Emergency medicine as a career: Knowledge, attitudes and predictors in Nigerian medical students.

Introduction: Despite the high burden of deaths from emergency conditions in Nigeria, there are no formal emergency medicine (EM) residency programs in the country. Due to the absence of training programs in the country, we hypothesised that there may be a lack of awareness of these benefits of specialised emergency care among medical students and also a lack of interest in it. In this study, we assessed the knowledge and attitude of Nigerian medical students towards EM specialty and their willingness to undergo EM training.

Factors Affecting Undergraduates' Participation in Medical Research in Lagos.

Background: The current situation regarding the scope and contribution of undergraduate medical research to the health space in Nigeria is still largely unreported in formal literature. This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and the perceived barriers faced by medical students in Lagos toward research.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted among all medical students in 200-600 levels of study at the College of Medicine, University of Lagos.

Feasibility study of prospective audit, intervention and feedback as an antimicrobial stewardship strategy at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance, a global problem, is mostly a consequence of misuse or overuse of antimicrobials. This study sought to audit the compliance to hospital antimicrobial policy and determine the ability of medical students to carry out audits.

Methodology: This was a retrospective study to determine compliance with departmental policies in the preceding 2 months in the Children's Emergency Room (ChER) using a checklist.

Prevalence and Pattern of Late-Stage Presentation in Women with Breast and Cervical Cancers in Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.

Background: Cervical and breast cancers are the most common cancers among women in developing countries contributing to high morbidity and mortality. Even though both these cancers have a better prognosis if caught early; however, studies conducted in Nigeria still show a large incidence of late tumor stage presentation.

Objectives: This study aimed at identifying the patient and disease characteristics of women with breast and cervical cancers presenting at a tertiary medical facility in Nigeria, with emphasis on the prevalence of late-stage presentation and reasons for late-stage presentation.

Hunger in the midst of plenty: A survey of household food security among urban families in Lagos State, Nigeria.

Research has documented that food security at national level does not translate to food security at household level. The study assessed the level of food security among urban households in Shomolu LGA, Lagos State. Using the 9-item Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) information was collected from 306 heads of households on adequacy of food availability and consumption.

Improving exclusive breastfeeding in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review.

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates until 6 months in most low and middle income countries (LMICs) are well below the 90% World Health Organization benchmark. This systematic review sought to provide evidence on effectiveness of various interventions on EBF until 6 months in LMICs, compared with standard care. Experimental and observational studies with concurrent comparator promoting EBF, conducted in LMICs with high country rates of breastfeeding initiation, were included.

Provider and patient perceptions of malaria rapid diagnostic test use in Nigeria: a cross-sectional evaluation.

Background: Nigeria commenced a phased programmatic deployment of rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) at the primary health care (PHC) facility levels since 2011. Despite various efforts, the national testing rate for malaria is still very low. The uptake of RDT has been variable.

Knowledge, perceptions and practice of cervical cancer prevention among female public secondary school teachers in Mushin local government area of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological cancer and a leading cause of cancer death in women in Nigeria. This study was aimed to assess the knowledge, perception, and practice of cervical cancer prevention among female public secondary school teachers in Mushin, Lagos.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out among female secondary school teachers in Mushin, Lagos.

Innovative Breast Cancer Awareness and Advocacy Campaign.

Breast cancer is a major disease in Nigeria; in 2012, 27,304 new occurrences were diagnosed, and the number of mortalities was 13,960. Greater than 70% of patients present with advanced disease, which has a poor survival outcome. The mortality rates are high mainly because of a lack of awareness about breast health, screening guidelines, and treatment centers, and because of sociocultural barriers.

Birth plans and health insurance enrolment of pregnant women: a cross-sectional survey at two secondary health facilities in Lagos, Nigeria.

Objective: We evaluated birth plans and health insurance enrolment of pregnant women at secondary health care level as a strategy for post-2015 goals.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at two secondary health facilities in Lagos state, Nigeria. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data that were analysed and results presented with frequencies.

Ebola virus disease - gaps in knowledge and practice among healthcare workers in Lagos, August 2014.

Objective: Healthcare workers (HCWs) play pivotal roles in outbreak responses. Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak spread to Lagos, Nigeria, in July 2014, infecting 11 HCWs (case fatality rate of 45%). This study was conducted during the outbreak to assess HCWs' EVD-related knowledge and practices.

Public knowledge, perception and source of information on ebola virus disease - lagos, Nigeria; september, 2014.

Background: The first ever outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Nigeria was declared in July, 2014. Level of public knowledge, perception and adequacy of information on EVD were unknown. We assessed the public preparedness level to adopt disease preventive behavior which is premised on appropriate knowledge, perception and adequate information.

Preference for private hospital-based maternity services in inner-city Lagos, Nigeria: An observational study.

Objectives: To determine factors associated with maternal preference for delivery in private hospitals in an urban community in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics of mothers and their newborns attending Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunization clinics in inner-city Lagos, Nigeria. Factors associated with delivery in private hospitals were determined using multivariable logistic regression analyses.

Physician education on infant hearing loss in a developing country.

Background: Physicians often account for delays in detection and intervention for infant hearing loss for reasons that are rarely investigated, especially in developing countries. This study, therefore, explores current physician knowledge, attitude and training towards infant hearing loss in Nigeria.

Methods: Knowledge of documented risk factors, intervention options and attitude towards timely intervention for infant hearing loss was investigated through a questionnaire survey among 246 final year medical students and 161 physicians drawn from tertiary hospitals in Lagos.