Adverse drug reactions in paediatric surgery: prospective study on frequency and risk related factors.

Background: Paediatric patients are especially prone to experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and the surgical environment gathers many conditions for such reactions to occur. Additionally, little information exists in the literature on ADRs in the paediatric surgical population. We aimed to quantify the ADR frequency in this population, and to investigate the characteristics and risk factors associated with ADR development.

Paediatric intensive care 'do not do' recommendations in Spain: Selection by Delphi method.

Introduction: Health care is not free of ineffective, unsafe or inefficient diagnostic and therapeutic practices. To address this, different scientific societies and health authorities have proposed 'do not do' recommendations (DNDRs). Our goal was the selection by consensus of a set of DNDRs for paediatric intensive care in Spain.

Pre-operative anxiolysis in children through a combined pharmacological therapy with hydroxyzine and a non-pharmacological distraction technique with a clown (SONRISA): study protocol for randomised double-blind clinical trial.

Background: Surgery can generate significant stress and anxiety in up to 70% of the paediatric population. There are several pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies to reduce pre-operative anxiety in children, however, they have several side effects and the available information about them is contradictory. The role of clowns and hydroxyzine in the management of anxiety is controversial, with some studies supporting and others contraindicating both strategies.

Prospective Multicentre Study on the Epidemiology and Current Therapeutic Management of Severe Bronchiolitis in Spain.

. To determine the epidemiology and therapeutic management of patients with severe acute bronchiolitis (AB) admitted to paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in Spain. .

Set of Quality Indicators of Pediatric Intensive Care in Spain: Delphi Method Selection.

Introduction: This study objective was to identify, select, and define a basic set of quality indicators for pediatric intensive care in Spain.

Methods: (1) Review of the literature to identify quality indicators and their defining elements and (2) selection of indicators by consensus of a group of experts using basic Delphi methodology (2 rounds) and forms distributed by email among experts from the Spanish society of pediatric intensive care.

Results: We selected quality indicators according to their relevance and feasibility and the experts' agreement on their incorporation in the final set.

[Complex regional pain syndrome and myoclonus: an uncommon combination].

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is quite uncommon in paediatric patients. There is no identified organic aetiology. CRPS has a very significant psychosomatic component; therefore it is necessary to take a multidisciplinary approach to its treatment, which should include psychiatric assessment.

[Congenital xerocytosis].

Hereditary xerocytosis is a genetic disease inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and is a rare cause of hemolytic anemia. It is caused by abnormal erythrocyte membrane permeability: monovalent cation pump activity is increased and the Na/K pump cannot compensate for the K lost. As a consequence, xerocytes dehydrate, becoming rigid and sensitive to metabolic stress and oxidation.

[Serum transferrin receptor in healthy children. Diagnostic yield in ferropenic and infectious anemia].

Background: The serum transferrin receptor (TfR) presents certain advantages over other parameters of cellular iron status because it does not vary in acute or chronic diseases.

Objective: To establish reference ranges of TfR in healthy children for our laboratory, to define the distribution of this variable in children with acute illness and in those with iron deficiency, and to evaluate the diagnostic yield of TfR, the transferrin-receptor/ferritin ratio (TfR/F) and the transferrin-receptor-ferritin index (TfR-F) in distinguishing ferropenic from infectious anemia.

Patients And Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 132 children aged from 6 months to 16 years for a period of 18 months.

[Pancreatitis: review of our casuistics in the last 10 years].

Objective: Pancreatitis is a rare cause of abdominal pain in childhood. Advances in imaging techniques for pancreatic disease have enabled earlier clinical and etiological diagnosis, thus improving treatment possibilities. The aim of this study was to analyze the etiology, diagnostic methods, and management in patients with pancreatitis diagnosed in our hospital in the last 10 years.

[Octreotide treatment of post surgical chylothorax].

Chylothorax is an infrequent complication of cardiac surgery in children. Most patients respond to a low-fat diet or to parenteral nutrition, but pleuroperitoneal drainage or thoracic duct ligature is sometimes required. We present the case of a 3-year-old girl with Down syndrome and complex atrioventricular canal defect who presented chylothorax 22 days after the Glenn procedure with bidirectional pulmonary-cava fistula.

[Exhaled nitric oxide in healthy and asthmatic children].

Objectives: One of the main findings in asthma is chronic inflammation of the airway. Exhaled nitric oxide may be a useful marker of airway inflammation in asthmatic children. To evaluate the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air in healthy and asthmatic children and to relate this variable with different treatments.

[Childhood cholelithiasis. Analysis of 24 patients diagnosed in our department and review of 123 cases published in Spain].

Introduction: Childhood cholelithiasis is being increasingly diagnosed worldwide, particularly in Spain. We retrospectively analyzed several epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, etiologic and therapeutic aspects of this disease in 123 pediatric cases reported in Spain since 1971.

Patients And Methods: Twenty four patients with cholelithiasis were diagnosed in our department between 1981 and 1999.