Modulation of keratin 1, 10 and involucrin expression as part of the complex response of the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT to ultraviolet radiation.

Skin exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light evokes a complex stress response in keratinocytes. Keratin filament organization provides structural stability and mechanical integrity of keratinocytes. Involucrin is a transglutaminase substrate protein contributing to the formation of insoluble cornified envelopes.

COX-1 is coupled with mPGES-1 and ABCC4 in human cervix cancer cells.

Cyclooxygenases are key enzymes in the arachidonic acid metabolism. Their unstable intermediate, prostaglandin H(2), is further metabolized to bioactive lipids by various downstream enzymes. In this study, utilizing short hairpin RNAs, we prepared a cell line of human cervix carcinoma with stable down-regulated cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) to assess the impact of COX-1 reduction on the downstream enzymes.

Conductivity of natural and modified DNA measured by scanning tunneling microscopy. The effect of sequence, charge and stacking.

The conductivity of DNA covalently bonded to a gold surface was studied by means of the STM technique. Various single- and double-stranded 32-nucleotide-long DNA sequences were measured under ambient conditions so as to provide a better understanding of the complex process of charge-carrier transport in natural as well as chemically modified DNA molecules. The investigations focused on the role of several features of DNA structure, namely the role of the negative charge at the backbone phosphate group and the related complex effects of counterions, and of the stacking interactions between the bases in Watson-Crick and other types of base pairs.