Consecutive Transcutaneous and Epidural Spinal Cord Neuromodulation to Modify Clinical Complete Paralysis-the Proof of Concept.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of transcutaneous (tSCS) and epidural electrical spinal cord stimulation (EES) in facilitating volitional movements, balance, and nonmotor functions, in this observational study, tSCS and EES were consecutively tested in 2 participants with motor complete spinal cord injury (SCI).

Participants And Methods: Two participants (a 48-year-old woman and a 28-year-old man), both classified as motor complete spinal injury, were enrolled in the study. Both participants went through a unified protocol, such as an initial electrophysiological assessment of neural connectivity, consecutive tSCS and EES combined with 8 wks of motor training with electromyography (EMG) and kinematic evaluation.

Supraspinal and Afferent Signaling Facilitate Spinal Sensorimotor Network Excitability After Discomplete Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report.

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the role of residual supraspinal and afferent signaling and their convergence on the sublesional spinal network in subject diagnosed with complete paralysis (AIS-A).

Methods: A combination of electrophysiologic techniques with positional changes and subject-driven reinforcement maneuvers was implemented in this study. Electrical stimulation was applied transcutaneously at the T9-L2 vertebra levels and the spinal cord motor evoked potentials (SEMP) were recorded from leg muscles.