Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and its associated factors among children living with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Children living with HIV in low-income settings, such as in Eastern and Southern Africa, are at a high risk for poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy. However, various primary studies presented inconsistent and inconclusive estimates of adherence and its associated factors among children living with HIV in Eastern and Southern Africa. Therefore, we were aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of adherence and its associated factors, and to guide interventions efforts to support adherence, this comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted.

Incidence of loss to follow-up and its predictors among HIV-infected under-five children after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in West Amhara Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia: a multicenter retrospective follow-up study.

Background: Loss to follow-up (LTFU) among under-five children from HIV care profoundly affects the treatment outcomes of this vulnerable population. It is a major factor that negatively affects the benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Current information about LTFU among HIV-positive under-five children on ART is essential for effective treatments.

Incidence of anaemia and its predictors among HIV-infected children receiving highly active antiretroviral treatment in North-West Ethiopia: a multicentre retrospective follow-up study.

Background: Anaemia is one of the most common problems in HIV-infected patients associated with increased HIV progression, decreased functional capacity, survival and quality of life. For better interventions, up-to-date information concerning anaemia among HIV-infected children less than 5 years of age on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is vital. Thus, this study aims to determine the predictors of anaemia among HIV-infected children less than 5 years of age receiving ART in North-West Ethiopia.

Prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection and its determinants among pregnant women in East Africa: Systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major public health problems globally and needs an urgent response. It is one of the most responsible causes of mortality among the five hepatitis viruses, and it affects almost every class of individuals. Different studies were conducted on the prevalence of HBV among pregnant women in East African countries, but none of them showed the pooled prevalence of HBV among the pregnant women.

The melanocortin receptor signaling system and its role in neuroprotection against neurodegeneration: Therapeutic insights.

The melanocortin signaling system consists of the melanocortin peptides, their distinctive receptors, accessory proteins, and endogenous antagonists. Melanocortin peptides are small peptide hormones that have been studied in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. There are five types of melanocortin receptors, and they are distributed within the central nervous system and in several tissues of the periphery.

Transcription factor EB as a key molecular factor in human health and its implication in diseases.

Transcription factor EB, as a component of the microphthalmia family of transcription factors, has been demonstrated to be a key controller of autophagy-lysosomal biogenesis. Transcription factor EB is activated by stressors such as nutrition and deprivation of growth factors, hypoxia, lysosomal stress, and mitochondrial injury. To achieve the ultimate functional state, it is controlled in a variety of modes, such as in its rate of transcription, post-transcriptional control, and post-translational alterations.

Survival time and predictors of death among HIV infected under five children after initiation of anti -retroviral therapy in West Amhara Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is an infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that primarily targets an individual's immune system. In Ethiopia, nearly 24% of HIV-related deaths occur in children under the age of five. However, studies regarding the survival time of HIV-positive under-five children after anti-retroviral therapy initiation are limited with poor evidence of predictors of death.

Evaluation of glycemic control status and its associated factors among diabetes patients on follow-up at referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study, 2020.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the rapidly growing global health concerns of the twenty-first century ravaging millions of individuals from all across the world. The aim of this study is to evaluate glycemic control status and its associated factors among diabetes patients on follow-up at referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among diabetes patients between February and June 2020.

The relationship between advanced glycation end products and gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a condition in which women without history of diabetes experience hyperglycemia during pregnancy, especially at the second and third trimesters. In women who have had GDM, an elevated body mass index (BMI) may have a substantial impact for persistent hyperglycemia in their lives after gestation. Beyond hyperglycemia, increased local oxidative stress directly promotes the formation of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs).

The burden of metabolic syndrome in patients living with HIV/AIDS receiving care at referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study, 2019.

Introduction: There is a growing concern about metabolic syndrome among HIV-infected patients. Therefore, this study aims to determine the burden of metabolic syndrome among patients living with HIV/AIDS at referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia.

Materials And Methods: a hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia between February 2019 and April 2019.

Prevalence and associated factors of birth defects among newborns in sub-Saharan African countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Birth defects are the most serious causes of infant mortality and disability in sub-Saharan African countries with variable magnitude. Hence, this study was aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of birth defects and its associated risk factors among newborn infants in sub-Saharan African countries.

Methods: A total of 43 eligible studies were identified through literature search from Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, HINARI, Google scholar, Science Direct, Cochrane Library and other sources.

Diabetes mellitus and its associated risk factors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus on anti-retroviral therapy at referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: The use of highly active anti- retroviral therapy (HAART) as well as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) per se have been shown to be related with diabetes among patients living with HIV. There is limited evidence on the prevalence of diabetes among HIV-infected patients in developing countries like Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes among patients living with HIV/AIDS at referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia.

Burden of anemia and its association with HAART in HIV infected children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Anemia is a common problem in HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infected patients, and is associated with decreased functional capacity and quality of life. Ethiopia is one of the countries which has expanded highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) over the past years. The effect of HAART on anemia among HIV remains inconsistent and inconclusive, particularly in children.

Prevalence and root causes of surgical site infection among women undergoing caesarean section in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Surgical site infection is a common complication in women undergoing Caesarean section and the second most common cause of maternal mortality in obstetrics. In Ethiopia, prevalence and root causes of surgical site infection post-Caesarean section are highly variable. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimate the overall prevalence of surgical site infection and its root causes among women undergoing Caesarean section in Ethiopia.

Diabetes Mellitus and Its Association with Hypertension in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing public health concern globally, including Ethiopia. Although numerous studies have been published from different parts of Ethiopia, no attempt is made so far to estimate the burden of DM at the national level. This study aims to estimate the pooled prevalence of DM and its association with hypertension in Ethiopia.

Factors associated with low birth weight at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a hospital based cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of low birth weight among newborns delivered at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Results: From the total of 368 newborn baby/mother pairs planned to be participated, 338 agreed and involved in the study giving a response rate of 91.2%.