Disruption of Biofilm Formation and Quorum Sensing in Pathogenic Bacteria by Compounds from Zanthoxylum Gilletti (De Wild) P.G. Waterman.

Microbial resistance is facilitated by biofilm formation and quorum-sensing mediated processes. In this work, the stem bark (ZM) and fruit extracts (ZMFT) of Zanthoxylum gilletii were subjected to column chromatography and afforded lupeol (1), 2,3-epoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyconiferyl alcohol (3), nitidine chloride (4), nitidine (7), sucrose (6) and sitosterol-β-D-glucopyranoside (2). The compounds were characterized using MS and NMR spectral data.

Exploration by molecular networking of Strychnos alkaloids reveals the unexpected occurrence of strychnine in seven Strychnos species.

Introduction: Plants of the Strychnos genus, which include about 200 species, are used for multiple traditional purposes as hunting poison, for example, and have shown interesting pharmacological properties, especially curarizing and tetanizing, but also against malaria. Many monoterpene indole alkaloids have already been isolated and identified. Among them, there is strychnine, a famous alkaloid that can cause death by asphyxiation.

Antimicrobial and -glucosidase inhibitory activities of chemical constituents from (Rubiaceae).

An aliphatic alkene namely pentapentacontene () was isolated for the first time from a natural source, , along with fourteen other compounds including nonacosanol (), tetratriacontanol (), octatriacontanol (), -sitosterol () and stigmasterol (), daucosanol (), ursolic acid (), uvaol (), 3,19,23,24-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (), lupenone (), oleanolic acid (), vanillin (), vanillic acid () and D-mannitol (). -glucosidase inhibitory assay revealed that MeOH and EtOAc extracts of leaves had the best activity with IC of 9.65 and 20.

Pentas longiflora Oliv. (Rubiaceae), a plant used in the treatment of Pityriasis Versicolor in Rwanda: Chemical composition and standardization of leaves and roots.

In Rwanda, the roots of Pentas longiflora Oliv. (Rubiaceae) have been used for a long time to treat Pityriasis versicolor. However, many people reported the use of leaves instead of roots.

In Vitro Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Activities of Compounds from the Roots of (Fabaceae).

Malaria remains one of the leading causes of death in sub-Saharan Africa, ranked in the top three infectious diseases in the world. Plants of the genus have been reported to be used for the treatment of this disease, but scientific evidence is still missing for some of them. In the present study, the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of the crude extract and compounds from roots were tested against the 3D7 strain of and revealed using the SYBR Green, a DNA intercalating compound.

Bioassay-guided isolation of vilasinin-type limonoids and phenyl alkene from the leaves of and their antiplasmodial activities.

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the CHCl-MeOH (1:1) leaves extract of , yielded two new vilasinin-type limonoids named gilgianin A () and gilgianin B (), one new phenyl alkene derivative designated as gilgialkene A (), along with six known compounds: rubescin H (), TS3 (), trichirubine A (), sitosteryl-6'--undecanoate--D-glucoside (), scopoletin (), and octadecane-2-one (). Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. Compounds and exhibited the highest antiplasmodial activity with IC values of 1.

A new isoquinoline and ceramide from the stem barks of (Pax) Prain (Euphorbiaceae) with antiproteinase and cytotoxic activities.

Two new compounds, an isoquinoline () and caloneuramide (), a ceramide were isolated from the stem bark of together with seven known compounds namely aurantiamide acetate (), acetylaleuritolic acid (), 3-hydroxylaleuritolic acid 2-p-hydroxybenzoate (), mixture of stigmasterol () and -sitosterol (), mixture of 7-oxo-stigmasterol () and 7-oxo--sitosterol (). Their structures were determined based on data from literature and spectroscopic methods. Derivatization reactions on the isoquinoline led to two new compounds, the methylated () and acetylated () derivatives.

Phytochemical Investigation and Biological Activities of .

Moldenke is a plant widely used to treat diseases, such as rheumatism, diabetes, and malaria in traditional medicine. To better understand the traditional uses of this plant, a phytochemical study was undertaken, revealing a higher proportion of polyphenols, including flavonoids in leaf extract and moderate proportion in stem and root extracts. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was also determined using three different assays: the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, the FRAP method (Ferric-reducing antioxidant power) and the β-carotene bleaching test.

The Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome and IL-6 Production by Derived Constituents Provides a Link to Its Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutic Potentials.

The activation of NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and/or its components is associated with the physio-pathogenesis of many respiratory diseases including asthma, COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), SARS Cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), and in several autoimmune diseases. . has been widely reported to be traditionally used in the treatment of different ailments, some of which are of inflammatory background such as asthma, wounds, headache, etc.

Bioguided identification of daucosterol, a compound that contributes to the cytotoxicity effects of Crateva adansonii DC (capparaceae) to prostate cancer cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Crateva adansonii DC (Capparaceae) is a shrub used to treat tumors in Cameroon. In our previous reports, a Crateva adansonii dichloromethane-methanol (DCM/MeOH) extract was shown to prevent chemically induced tumors in Wistar rats.

Aim Of Study: To determine the bioactive principle of Crateva adansonii extract and to elucidate its underlying mechanism.

Excelsanone, a new isoflavonoid from (Fabaceae), with antioxidant and cytotoxic effects on prostate cancer cells lines.

A new isoflavonoid, excelsanone (), was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of stem bark, together with three known compounds namely 6,8-diprenylgenistein (), β-sitosterol () and sitosteryl--D-glucopyranoside (). Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods (HR-ESI-MS, NMR and IR) and by comparison with some literature data. The antioxidant activity of crude extracts and two isolated compounds was evaluated using free radical scavenging (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Ability Power (FRAP) methods with catechin as standard.

Antiplasmodial activity of Mezoneuron benthamianum leaves and identification of its active constituents.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Decoctions of the leaves of M. benthamianum Baill. are used by traditional healers in Guinea to treat malaria and this use was validated by a preliminary clinical assay.

Cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of eight compounds isolated from Entada abyssinica (Fabaceae).

Background: Entada abyssinica is a plant traditionally used against gastrointestinal bacterial infections. Eight compounds including three flavonoids, three terpenoids, a monoglyceride and a phenolic compound isolated from E. abyssinica were investigated for their cytotoxicity, antibacterial and antioxidant activity.

Antiplasmodial activity of Heinsia crinita (Rubiaceae) and identification of new iridoids.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Heinsia crinita is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of febrile illness and erectile dysfunction. Its stem bark powder is found in some peripheral markets in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) as a remedy against malaria. Investigations were conducted on crude extracts of leaves, fruits and stem barks in view to validate their use and to determine which plant part possesses the best antiplasmodial properties.

Evaluation of the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of Morinda lucida stem bark extract in streptozotocin intoxicated rats.

The present research evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of M. lucida stem bark (50 and 500mg/kg) and glibenclamide (25mg/kg, standard drug) in acute (Oral glucose tolerance test) and sub-acute (Streptozotocin 60mg/kg, i.p.

Chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of essential oils of four dietary and medicinal plants from Cameroon.

Background: In the Cameroonian traditional medicine, plants of the Capparidaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Liliaceae families are used to treat several metabolic diseases. These plants are rich in various compounds belonging to the glucosinolates and thiosulfinates family. Till date, very little studies have been done aiming at assessing the antioxidant and inflammatory properties of the essential oils (EOs) of these plants.

Ericoside, a new antibacterial biflavonoid from Erica mannii (Ericaceae).

A new dihydroflavonol-flavonol biflavonoid derivative, named ericoside was isolated from the ethanol extract of the whole plant of Erica mannii along with the known flavonoid, taxifolin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside; and two readily available sterols (sitosterol, sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside). The isolation was performed using chromatographic methods and the structure of purified molecules were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques (e.g.

New Approach for the Development of Improved Traditional Medicine: Case of a Preparation of an Oral Hypoglycemic Medicine from (Schumach. & Thonn.) Chew. (Urticaceae).

A majority of Africans rely on traditional medicine as the primary form of health care. Yet most traditional medicine products have a short shelf life, especially for water-based formulations such as macerations, infusions and decoctions. Indeed, many of these water extracts become unfit for human consumption after five to seven days of conservation either because of the degradation or toxicity of active components, and/or the growth of pathogenic organisms.

Carbon Multiplicity Editing in Long-Range Heteronuclear Correlation NMR Experiments: A Valuable Tool for the Structure Elucidation of Natural Products.

A recently developed NMR method to simultaneously obtain both long-range heteronuclear correlations and carbon multiplicity information in a single experiment, ME-selHSQMBC, is demonstrated as a potentially useful technique for chemical shift assignment and structure elucidation of natural products presenting complicated NMR spectra. Carbon multiplicities, even for C/CH2 and odd for CH/CH3 resonances, can be distinguished directly from the relative positive/negative phase of cross-peaks. In addition, connectivity networks can be further extended by incorporating a TOCSY propagation step.

Antrocarines A-F, antiplasmodial ergostane steroids from the stem bark of Antrocaryon klaineanum.

During a study on the chemistry and biological activity of Antrocaryon klaineanum Pierre, six new sterols including 4,24(28)-ergostadiene-6α,7α-diol (1), 6α-methoxy-4,24(28)-ergostadiene-7α,20S-diol (2), 6α-methoxy-4,24(28)-ergostadien-7α-ol (3), 20S-hydroxy-24(28)-ergosten-3-one (4), 7α-hydroxy-4,24(28)-ergostadien-3-one (5), and 24(28)-ergostene-3β,6α-diol (6) were characterized by physical and spectroscopic means. The known steroids 7 and 8 were also isolated. The crude extract and the isolated compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum.